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Review Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8914/323
1 Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Fisheries and Wildlife, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Po Box 79
2 Yibeletal Aynalem, Department of Animal science College of Agricultural Sciences Woldia, Ethiopia Po. Box 400
*Corresponding Author: Yibeletal Aynalem Nurie, Fahim Aziz Eldein Shaltout Department of Food Hygiene and Control (Meat hygiene), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt.
Citation: Yibeletal A. Nurie, Alayu Y. Teferra, Gashaw T. Desta and Daniel Brehane, (2025), Feed Resources, Formulation, Feeding Practice and Growth Performance of Nile Tilapia in Ethiopia, J. Nutrition and Food Processing, 8(8); DOI:10.31579/2637-8914/323
Copyright: © 2025, Yibeletal Aynalem Nurie. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 09 July 2025 | Accepted: 17 June 2025 | Published: 25 June 2025
Keywords: feed resources; feeding practices; feed formulation and growth performance of nile tilapia
The objective of this review was too delivered well organized fish feed resources and feeding practice in Ethiopian. Protein content of plant and animals are varied., Common animal origin fish feed sources were (Bone &blood meal 52.48% and fish meal 60.57 %, Research finding showed that highest and lowest daily growth rate were 0.88 and 0.15g respectively. maximum Tilapia daily growth rat reported (1.3 to 1.6g)), which is better than Ethiopian research works. Conclusion. There are three types of fish feeding practice in Ethiopia (commercial feed, on farm formulated feed and (ingredients as powder The most affordable and cost-effective fish feed was on farm formulated feed. Ethiopia is rich fish feed resources but not efficiently utilize the resources properly. Plants were the highest dominate in fish feeding practice compare to animal products. On farm fish feed formulation and feeding practice is not well grew due to this reason aquaculture is found infant stage compare to East Africa countries. Growth performance of Nile Tilapia was very low Ethiopia in six to ten months and body weight of Tilapia reported below (180 g). Recommendation- To boosting aquaculture in Ethiopia advanced seed multiplication center will be established and fish feed processing plants will be developed. On farm feed processing and formulation practice will be given training for fish farmers and experts
Global aquaculture is now the fastest growing food production in many countries and continues but more challenging in the future [1]. Aquaculture has been practiced for century’s different countries and use source of cheap animal protein to numerous poorest communities [2]. However, this farming practice was introduced to so many African countries lately (sub-Saharan Africa and Ethiopia). Among the various culturing systems, semi-intensive cover 70% of finfish production in the world; majority production comes from a few aquaculture fish species such as carp, catfish and tilapia [3]. The Nile Tilapia is one of the most cultured fish contains over 60% of the total tilapia production in the world [4]. Oreochromis niloticus was advisable for semi-intensive culture system because of its ability to utilize a variety of feed originating from plants, animals or mixed feeds [5]. However, one critical challenge fish farming is feed cost [6]. Common aquaculture fish species in the world fish are carp, salmon, tilapia, and catfish. Among them tilapia is the best candidate species [7]. In Ethiopia the species offers about 60% of the total landings from major and small water bodies (8). However, recently the actual yield declined 60% to 49% [9]. The sharp decline of fish yield is related to overfishing and ecological changes of water bodies due to population pressure such as extension of agriculture and floriculture around the watershed area. Moreover, land degradation, soil erosion, and nutrient runoff have also contributed in fish biomass reduction [10]. Now a days, most water bodies of Ethiopia have been experienced with signs of overexploitation, degradation, losses biodiversity and reduction of fish resources [11]. Therefore, aquaculture is the best solution to mitigate depletion of existing fisheries. The Aim of this review was to delivered well organized fish feed resources and feeding practice in Ethiopian fish farmers, students and policy makers.
2.1. Aquatic animal protein sources
Fish meal
An important by-product for aquaculture could be from fish processing or trimmings of fish leftover such as fins, guts, bones and heads which have high protein contents which has to be processed by the food processing industry into fish meal. It is approximately estimated about 25% of all fish meal production now comes from trimmings [12]. fish wastes will be sun dried and will have a CP of 38.12%.). It reduced the feed costs/kg of diet and feed cost/kg of weight gain by 20.8% and 24.9% respectively. Fish meal is a commercial product mostly made from bones and other leftover parts of fish after consumptions by humans [13]. It has protein value and has high effect growth of fishes because edible by the fish [14]. But it is very expensive to afford for developing countries like Ethiopia [14]. Fish feed constitutes between 50% and 70% of a commercial farmer’s cost of production [15]. Fish feed constitutes between 50% and 70% of a commercial farmer’s cost of production [15]. In terms of formulation and composition of feeds, several factors must be taken into account. The primary aim is usually economic, to find the least cost feed formulation that imparts a suitable nutritional quality and protein digestibility to the species in question. For this reason, it is important that raw ingredients considered in aqua feeds are researched thoroughly and that least cost options are explored. The biological efficiency of the feed is usually assessed through measuring the FCR. For instance, a near optimal 1:1, is 1kg of body mass weight gain (whole wet fish) to every 1kg of feed provided (as fed – e.g. dry pellets). Fish meal is a major source of protein in tilapia feeds but highly cost 50 -70% in semi-intensive aquacultures
Meat and bone meal
Meat and bone meal are also valuable protein and mineral source and contributes to the protein, energy and mineral component of diets [16]. It is reported that the meat /blood and bone meal protein may replace up to 50 % fish meal protein in the diet of gilthead sea bream juveniles without compromising growth and feed efficiency. [17] replaced fish meal up to 60 % with meat meal without affecting weight gain, feed efficiency or protein efficiency ratio in Japanese flounder. Blood and bone meal have several advantages, including high protein content, with well-balanced amino acids profile; good source of digestible minerals, (phosphorous and calcium) and lack of anti-nutritional factors [18]. Slaughterhouse wastes, including blood are considered as a potential protein source that can be utilized to replace fishmeal in aquaculture diet
2.2. Plant feed resources
Agro-industrial by-products
Agro-industrial by-products are rich in energy and protein contents. They have less fiber content, high digestibility and energy values compared with the other class of feeds. The major feed resources agro-industries by-products milling were (wheat bran, wheat middling, wheat short and rice bran, edible oil processing by-products (soybean cake, Niger seed cake, rapeseed cake, cottonseed cake, linseed cake, ground nut cake, sesame cake, sunflower cake, peanut cake and safflower cakes) [19].
Wheat bran: The wheat grain consists of about 82% endosperm, 15% bran, and 3% germ it is the major milling by-product used as livestock feed as well as fishes in Ethiopia. Wheat bran is quite palatable and is well known for its laxative characteristics because of its swelling and water holding capacity. This is due to its high fiber and non-starch carbohydrate content [20].
Wheat middling is a by-product of wheat milling. During milling, 70-75 % of the wheat grain becomes flour, and the remaining 25-30 % results in by-products. Wheat middling consists of fine particles of wheat bran, wheat shorts, wheat germ, wheat flour, and some of the by-product from the tail of the mill. Wheat middling cannot contain more than 9.5% crude fiber and must have minimums of 14% protein and 3
There are several private and union commercial feed manufacturing industries in Ethiopia which mainly produce feeds for poultry production. Currently the feed industries are operating below their capacity due mainly to low demand, high cost and low quality of feeds produced [22]. The animal feeds produced in Ethiopia are mainly composed of the ingredients corn, bone and meal, soya bean cake, Noug cake, rapeseed cake, limestone, salt, vitamin, lysine and methionine. Most ingredients are found locally as the byproducts of factories but some are imported There are a total of 81 feed enterprises found in the Ethiopian commercial feed sub-sector as shown in (Table 1). The feed industry includes feed processing plants, farmer unions, supplement manufacturers, feed processing machinery and forage seed producers. Most of these enterprises are found in Addis Ababa [23].
| Region | Feed | Farmers | Supplement | Feed processing | Total |
| processing plants | Union | importers / Manufactures | Machineries | enterprises | |
| Addis Ababa | 10 | 1 | 10 | 4 | 26 |
| Amhara | 4 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 11 |
| Oromia | 12 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 23 |
| SNNPR | 4 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 11 |
| Tigray | 2 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Total | 32 | 28 | 15 | 5 | 81 |
Sources:(23) .
Table 1: Animal and fish feed processing plants
Fish feed requirements
Protein requirements of fish increase from larva fries to adult and amount of carbohydrate greater than crude lipid and crude fiber. Fish feed formulation depends on type of fish, age, size, stage. body weight sees (Table2). Common fish feed proximate composition in Ethiopia reported by scholars the highest protein was reported bone and meat and the lowest was raw soybean (Table 3). The highest and the lowest crude fat was recorded row soybean and bone& meat meal (Table 3). The ash value was higher in bone & meat meal but lower raw soybean (Table 3). The locally available ingredients proximate composition were reported by different scholars (Table 7 and Table 18).
| Life stage | Weight (g) | % Requirement |
| First feeding Larva | 0.02-1 | 45-50 |
| Fry | 1-10 | 35-40 |
| Fingerlings | 10-25 | 30-35 |
| Juveniles | 25-200 | 30-32 |
| Adults | >200 | 28-30 |
| Brood stock | - | 40-45 |
Source (24)
Table 1: .Protein requirements of Tilapia at different life stage
| Feed ingredients | DM (%) | CF (%) | CP (%) | Ash (%) | Calcium |
| Bone & Meat meal | 95.78 | 3.54 | 46.87 | 32.64 | 7.8 |
| Soybean Meal | 91.89 | 6.45 | 43.37 | 6.22 | 0.201 |
| Raw Soybean | 92.36 | 15.73 | 33.40 | 5.112.72 | - |
Sources: (25)
Table 3: Chemical composition of feed ingredients applied in Ethiopia and reported by (25)
| Ingredients | Dm | CP | CF | Ash |
| Linseed cake | 90.88 | 31 | 13.63 | 8.27 |
| Niger seed cake | 92.8 | 32.42 | 20.11 | 9..7 |
| Soybean cake | 93.8 | 39.38 | 6.48 | 5.4 |
| Fish waste meal | 95. | 61.09 | 0 | 22.04 |
| Wheat grain | 87.5 | 9.6 | 5.79 | 13.6 |
| Corn grain | 88.29 | 7.81 | 12.72 | 13 |
| Wheat bran | 85.72 | 10.73 | 9.9 | 3.25 |
| Maize bran | 93.66 | 8.74 | 5.8 | 1.66 |
| Barely bran | 85.35 | 13.69 | 2.4 | 1.24 |
| Mill sweeping | 92.75 | 4.79 | 5.44 | 4.07 |
Sources: (26)
Table 4: Proximate composition of common fish feed ingredients reported by (26)
Fish feeding practices were three types from theses commercial feed feeding one of the new technology practices- specially research centers and investors at small scale. The second one was on farm formulated fish feed feeding practice which has future promising in aquaculture development in the countries and it is affordable and accessible. and the third one was more common feeding practice (ingredient powder fed of
fish) which is nutritional poor but not expensive. This practice done through country side specially by fish farmers. Fish feeding practice dominated by (A) 0il seed by products, (B) wheat grain, wheat gluten meal and what bran, (C) fish waste meal /fish meal. Different researchers/ scholars practiced feeding of fish as powder widely compare to commercial feed and on farm formulated feed (Table 5).
| Ingredients | % CP | Scholars |
| Fish meal | 54.8 - 60.57 | (28) |
| Formulated feed | 32 | (29) |
| Noug cake | 31.2 | (30) |
| Poultry manure | 19.88 | (31) |
| Cotton seed cake | 38.34 | (14) " " " " " |
| Line seed cake | 26.77 | |
| Sunflower cake | 29 | |
| Sesame meal | 43..48 | |
| Rape seed cake | 37.8 | |
| Groundnut | 54.17 |
Table 5: Fish feeding practice and protein contents reported in Ethiopia
3.1. Feed formulation
Feed formulation is the process of quantifying the number of feed ingredients that need to be combined to form a single uniform mixture for livestock, fishes and other animals to prepare animal feed in the industry. The formulated feeds provide various nutrients that are needed for the growth of animals. A good animal yield is highly dependent on the quality and safety of feeds supplied. Therefore, the formulated feed should provide a balanced diet for the animal with high-quality ingredients and adequate amount to provide healthier growth). One of the criteria for feed formulation is to make sure that all ingredients included in the recipe are safe from physical, chemical and biological contaminants. Feed formulation is done based on the class of the animal, feed ingredient types and constraints and cost and availability of ingredients. Formulation of animal ration is a complicated problem as, the requirement of animals varies with species, the stages of growth, body weight and physiological needs such as pregnancies, milk yield at certain level with different fat percentages [32]. Feed cost directly determines the profitability of animal farming since it accounts for most of the industry’s expenses. In an attempt to economize the ration formulation, several mathematical models have been used with varying success. Some of the conventional methods available are Pearson’s square method and trial and error method [33].
Feed formulation was done by using least cost formulation application that uses linear programming. The formulation functions by utilizing Microsoft excel solver add in option. Excel is preferable since it is popular and widely available. It allows developing a feed from different ingredients that have various nutrient compositions in order to produce nutritious and affordable feeds. Least cost formulation is a way of balancing rations in a simple procedure that enables formulating feeds by entering the nutritional requirement of an animal for a specific nutrient. Feed combinations that can give the required nutritional value with the least possible cost values are selected.
Common fish feed formulation methods adopted in Ethiopia fish farmers
1. Pearson square method [34].
2. Trial and error method [35].
There are many fish feed ingredients and feeding practiced by farmers, researchers and private fish farms as powder and on farm formulated feeds. More than 98.7% of fish feeding practice e was as powder /unformulated feed but 1% was on farm formulated feeds and the rest 0.3% was commercial feed, the purpose of research conducts. In Ethiopia plant products and by products numerous than animal products and by product (Table 8). From 21 common ingredients fish meal, wheat bran, rice bran and Nuog cake were the dominant ingredients.
| Alfalfa leaf | Haricot bean | Sesbania |
| Azolla | Lupine meal | Sesames cake |
| Blood & bone | Maize bran | Soybean meal |
| Brewery west | Noug seed cake | Sun flower meal |
| Cassava leaf | Pumpkin fruit | Sweet potato |
| Chicken manure/ droppings | Poultry manure | Tree Lucerne |
| Fish offal | Rice meal | Wheat bran |
Table 8: Summary common fish feed ingredient s practices in Ethiopia
Ethiopia is rich agro-industry by products, specially crop by products and fresh water resources but aquaculture development in Ethiopia is at infant stage compared to Africa and East African countries. Egypt is one of the developed countries in aquaculture in Africa and also the first leading country but the water source is Nile River which coming from Ethiopia. From seven regions Amhara and Oromia region were very rich fish feed resources (oil by products) compare to others The lowest producers were SNNPR, Benishagul Gumuz and Harari (Table 6). Each oil seed production dry matter in tone was Noug cake (147,134), Linseed cake (17,
297), Groundnut cake (20, 510), Sunflowr cake (7, 444), Soybean cack (43, 150), Cotton seed cake (68,548,), Sesame cake (33, 072), Rape seed cake (7, 458), Mixed cake (1, 361) and Total 345, 974 (Table 6). The percentage of each oil seed cake was Noug cake (42.53%), Linseed cake (5%), Groundnut cake (5.93%), Sunflowr cake (21.5%), Soybean cack (12.47%), Cotton seed cake (19.81%), Sesame cake (9.56%) , Rape seed cake (2.61%), Mixed cake (0.39%). From theses oil seed Noug seed cake and cotton seed cake were the highest and the lowest were Rapsed cake, Sunflowr cake and mixed cake respectively (Table 6).
| Oil by products | Adiss Ababa | Amhara | BG | Harari | Oromia | SSNNPR | Tigray |
| Noug cake | 8.015 | 21,145 | 1,933 | 114,361 | 1,565 | 115 | |
| Linseed cake | 8,274 | 9, 023 | |||||
| Groundnut cake | 124 | 2,758 | 7,819 | 9,809 | 84 | ||
| Sunflowr cake | 3,628 | 3,816 | |||||
| Soybean cack | 3,677 | 39,473 | |||||
| Cotton seed cake | 13592 | 24823 | 13, 997 | 16,136 | |||
| Sesame cake | 23903 | 170 | 3,869 | 4,130 | |||
| Rape seed cake | 3727 | 1,955 | 1,776 | ||||
| Mixed cake | 1361 | ||||||
| Total | 21,731 | 91,935 | 3,103 | 9,774 | 197,185 | 1,565 | 20381 |
Table 6: Production and distribution of oil seed cakes in Ethiopia by region per year
BG (Benishangule Gumuz) and SNNPR (South people nation of nation region)
Source (36)
4. Fish feed resources, Fish feed formulation and feeding practice of fish in Ethiopia by different scholars
Feed A (37)
Supplementary feeding
Locally available fish feed ingredients were used feed formulation and fed fish during study. Mixture of mill sweeping, blood bone meal and oil seed cake were used in proportion of 60%, 20% and 20%, respectively. Feed s were pellet by using manual and electric meat grinder. Formulation of fish fed described in (Table)
| Feed type | % Protein | Composition | Formulated feed protein content |
| Mill sweeping | 11.9 | 60% | 7.14 |
| Blood & Bone meal | 52.5 | 20% | 10.5 |
| Oil seed cake | 17.1 | 20% | 3.42 |
| Premix | 18.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Total protein | 100 | 100 | 21.06 |
Table 7: Fish Feed protein content ratio and formulation
Figure 2: Pellet feed
Table 13. presents the supplementary feeds crude nutrients composition with respect to their dry matters. For all formulated feed diets, the crude nutrients analyzed by using Win feed 2.8 software. The mean dietary rude protein was 22.84%.
| Treatments | Crude protein | Crude fat | Crude fiber | Dry mater |
| Diet1 | 22.87 | 13.2 | 16.1 | 89.43 |
| Diet2 | 22.22 | 9.5 | 10.9 | 90.92 |
| Diet3 | 22.00 | 8.2 | 10.3 | 90.00 |
| Diet 4 | 24.28 | 10.9 | 11.7 | 87.4 |
| Average | 22.8425 | 10.45 | 12.25 | 89.44 |
Feed E (41)
Table 13: Proximate Composition percentage of each diet
The researchers formulated three different feeds to observe body weight change of fish and select the best one.1/ Feed one feed formulation contain 51% of wheat flour and 49% noug cake (WF+NC), Feed two contain 43 % of maize flour and 57 % of noug cake (MF+NC) and control feed was without any supplemental feed. Diet in the fed treatments had 21% of crude protein.
Feed F (42). Feed formulation and processing
Three levels of fish feeds were formulated based on the percentage of crude protein (CP)). (Feed1) 30% CP, (Feed 2) 35% CP 40%, The proportions of the experimental feed ingredients, in the formulated feeds, were determined using the Pearson square method and algebraic equations, the most commonly used methods for balancing crude protein levels17 (Table 14).
| Ingredients | (Feed1) 30% CP | (Feed 2) 35% CP | (Feed3) 34% CP | |||
| % | %CP | % | %CP | % | %CP | |
| Poultry manure | 44.93 | 13.48 | 56.80 | 19.88 | 65.72 | 26.29 |
| Wheat bran | 23.3 | 6.99 | 29.49 | 10.32 | 34.10 | 13.64 |
| Maize bran | 14.27 | 4.28 | 6.14 | 2.15 | 0.08 | 0.03 |
| Barely bran | 17.5 | 5.25 | 7.57 | 2.65 | 0.1 | 0.04 |
| Total | 100 | 30.00 | 100 | 35.00 | 100 | 40 |
Table 14: Percent contribution of each ingredient to crude protein (%CP) for each formulated feed
Figure 4: feed processing and formulation
Feed G (43).
The diammonium phosphate (DAP), a chemical fertilizer, was added into the first six treatment ponds (T1) at a rate of 2 g m-2 week. The fertilizer was dissolved in the water from the ponds and disseminated over the same ponds. Similarly, poultry manure was added into the remaining six treatment ponds (T2) at the same rate as for the DAP. The manure was kept in pieces of sacks and suspended in the ponds waters to prevent direct feeding by the fishes. While the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of DAP were referred from the manufacturer’s product description, the concentrations of these elements in the poultry manure used in the study were determined according to the proximate method of analysis
Feed I (44)
In general, there are promising nutritional and economic justifications for replacing fish meal by mixture of lupin and grass pea protein sources in the diets of Nile tilapia considering growth parameters, feed utilization, carcass composition, hematological parameters, and economic analysis up to 75% level.
Diet Formulation and preparation the feed ingredients of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) and lupin (Lupinus albus) were bought from the local market in Addis Ababa (Mesalemia) whereas fish meal was prepared from whole fish purchased from the market with respect to the price presented in Table 5. Freshly collected whole fish was purchased from Lake Ziway, Ethiopia. The freshly collected whole fish was minced using an electrical meat miner and then dried in an oven for 24 hours at 72 oC. The dried fish carcass was ground into a fine fish powder using an electrical smashing machine, sieved (0.5mm mesh size sieve), and then stored in a plastic bag at -18 oC in a deep freeze.
| Ingredients | Control diet | LG M25 | LGM520LGM50 | LGMS75 |
| Fish meal | 323 | 242.25 | 161.5 | 80.75 |
| Wheat grain | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 |
| Corn grain | 109.8 | 109.8 | 109.8 | 109.8 |
| Soybean grain | 362.80 | 362.8 | 362.8 | 362.5 |
| LGM | 0 | 80.75 | 161.5 | 242.5 |
| CMC | 29..00 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| VMP | 4.4 | 34 | 34.4 | 34 |
| SBO | 30 | 30 |
Table 15. Composition of ingredients in diets (g Kg-1) in replacement of fish meal with a mixture of lupin and grass pea-meal
Note: LGM- lupin and grass pea mixture meal, SBO- Soybean oil LGM25 = 25% of fish meal replaced by lupin and grass pea mixture meal LGM50 = 50% of fish meal replaced by lupin and grass pea mixture me LGM75= 75% of fish meal replaced by lupin and grass pea mixture meal CMC = high viscosity carboxymethyl cellulose used as a binder
Figure 5: Feed processing and formulation in pellte form
Feed K (46)
Feed and feeding of the experimental fish were Formulated feed was purchased from Alema Koudijs’s animal feed processing industry agent at Bahir Dar. The nutrient content of the feed is indicated in (Table 17)
| Nutrient content | Measurement | Minimum | Maximum |
| Crude protein (cp) | % | 35 | - |
| Fiber | % | - | 4 |
| Fat | % | 7 | - |
| Calcium | % | 2 | - |
| Moisture | % | - | 9 |
| Carbohydrate | Kilo calorie | 3540 | - |
Table: 17: The proximate composition (%) of the feed ingredients used during the experimental period.
Feed L (47)
| Feed category | Protein | Lipid | Fiber | Ash | Dry matter |
| Rice bran | 62.97 | 13.07 | 7.2 | 14.7 | 90.85 |
| Wheat bran | 14.84 | 9.71 | 6.12 | 8.96 | 90.1 |
| Soy bean cake | 42 | 3.5 | 6.2 | 6 | 89 |
| Noug cake | 32.89 | 7.72 | 21.3 | - | 93.2 |
Table 18. Nutrient composition of the locally available fish feeds in percentage
4. Growth Performance of Nile Tilapia in Ethiopia
In Ethiopia there were research works carried out on growth performance of Tilapia in different feeding systems in cage culture, earthen pond, aquarium and concrete ponds. Temperature, oxygen and pH were major critical factors that have great impacts on the growth of fishes. Temperature was recorded to the highest 25.05 and minimum 18 but the recommended temperature for Nile Tilapia is (25-320 C). In Ethiopia so many researchers were conducted on the growth performance of Tilapia (body weight gain (BWG), Daily growth rate (DGR) and others parameters but their findings not aliened international standards. In six months, Nile tilapia body weight recorded 300g but in the case of Ethiopia researcher reported below 180 g which is very low, the reason it might be quality feed problems and not managed properly. Fish feed might be easily sink in the water bottom which cause nutrient loading and cause oxygen deficient. When water temperature drops below 21°C, the Tilapia growth slows dramatically, reproduction stops and the incidence of disease increases.
| Temperature | Feeding |
| TO <100C> | No feeding |
| 14 - 150C. | 1 time/day |
| 18 - 200C | 1 - 2 times/day |
| 20 - 300C, | 3 - 4 times/day |
| > 310C, | 1 - 2 times/day |
Source: (48)
Table 19: Factors affecting of Tilapia growth in pond
Maximum Tilapia daily growth rate was reported 1.3 to 1.6g by (5) which is greater than Ethiopian research findings (maximum and minimum were 0.8 and 0.1g respectively (Table20). More researches conducted earthen and concrete pond rather than cage and aquarium. Feeding of fish in
Ethiopia reported two time per a day which was reported al scholars but number of feeds were varied. On farm formulated feed was commune fish feed in Ethiopia which is very important to minimize cost and increasing production and easily afford it. Formulated feed from (37-46) fish ate the feed and what they performed showed (Table 20).
* IW (initial weight g) and FW (Final weight g)
ConclusionThere are three types of fish feeding practice in Ethiopia (commercial feed, on farm formulated feed and (ingredients as powder). The most affordable and cost-effective fish feed was on farm formulated feed. Ethiopia is rich fish feed resources but not efficiently utilize the resources properly. Plants were the highest dominate in fish feeding practice compare to animal products in Ethiopia. On farm fish feed formulation and feeding practice was not well grew due to this reason aquaculture is found infant stage in Ethiopia compare to East Africa countries. Growth performance of Nile Tilapia was very low, in six to ten months, the body weight of Tilapia reported below (180 g). Sources of seed was wild fish and mixed sexes) which is not advisable in aquaculture development in the present day. Aquaculture management practice was poor in Ethiopia (there was no quality seed (mono-sex fingerlings), quality feed and promising market. The contribution of aquaculture in Ethiopia economy was very little bit. The daily growth rate of Tilapia highly difference in Ethiopia, highest and lowest reported 0.81g and 0.1g respectively but average 0.42g which is very low compare with international daily growth rate standard. The expansion of agro-industry in Ethiopia are good opportunities for affordable fish feed formulation and growth of aquaculture in the country.
5.1. Recommendation
To develop aquaculture in Ethiopia, advanced seed multiplication center established and fish feed processing plants will be developed and manually feed processing machine also distributed for fish farmers. On farm feed processing and formulation practice will be given training for fish farmers and experts. Now a day, Tilapia production in open water is reduced 60% to 49 % so aquaculture is the best solution to poverty reduction in Ethiopia. From three feeding system on farm formulated fish feed will be expanded rather than commercial feed and powdered feed.
Acknowledgments: We are acknowledging Ethiopian researchers for the availability of data regarding to the issue.
Authors’ contribution: All authors contributed to the study's conception and design. Yibeletal Aynalem Nurie was responsible for data collection, analysis, and the preparation of the original draft of the document. Alayu Yalew Teferra also supervised, reviewed and commented the document. Gashaw Tilahun Desta critically reviewed, commented on, and edited the manuscript.
Data availability: Data will be available upon request.
Competing interest: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical clearance: No ethical clearance is required since the research does not involve the participation of humans and animals.
Funding declaration: We would like to declare that we have not obtained any fund for the preparation of this manuscript.
Consent declaration to publish: We declared that we have given agreement of consent for the publication of our manuscript in the Journal of Aquaculture international Discover Applied Science Journal.
Clinical trial number: It is not applicable for this review study.
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Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
I would like to offer my testimony in the support. I have received through the peer review process and support the editorial office where they are to support young authors like me, encourage them to publish their work in your esteemed journals, and globalize and share knowledge globally. I really appreciate your journal, peer review, and editorial office.
Dear Agrippa Hilda- Editorial Coordinator of Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, "The peer review process was very quick and of high quality, which can also be seen in the articles in the journal. The collaboration with the editorial office was very good."
I would like to express my sincere gratitude for the support and efficiency provided by the editorial office throughout the publication process of my article, “Delayed Vulvar Metastases from Rectal Carcinoma: A Case Report.” I greatly appreciate the assistance and guidance I received from your team, which made the entire process smooth and efficient. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, contributing to the overall quality of the final article. I am very grateful for the high level of professionalism and commitment shown by the editorial staff, and I look forward to maintaining a long-term collaboration with the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
To Dear Erin Aust, I would like to express my heartfelt appreciation for the opportunity to have my work published in this esteemed journal. The entire publication process was smooth and well-organized, and I am extremely satisfied with the final result. The Editorial Team demonstrated the utmost professionalism, providing prompt and insightful feedback throughout the review process. Their clear communication and constructive suggestions were invaluable in enhancing my manuscript, and their meticulous attention to detail and dedication to quality are truly commendable. Additionally, the support from the Editorial Office was exceptional. From the initial submission to the final publication, I was guided through every step of the process with great care and professionalism. The team's responsiveness and assistance made the entire experience both easy and stress-free. I am also deeply impressed by the quality and reputation of the journal. It is an honor to have my research featured in such a respected publication, and I am confident that it will make a meaningful contribution to the field.
"I am grateful for the opportunity of contributing to [International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews] and for the rigorous review process that enhances the quality of research published in your esteemed journal. I sincerely appreciate the time and effort of your team who have dedicatedly helped me in improvising changes and modifying my manuscript. The insightful comments and constructive feedback provided have been invaluable in refining and strengthening my work".
I thank the ‘Journal of Clinical Research and Reports’ for accepting this article for publication. This is a rigorously peer reviewed journal which is on all major global scientific data bases. I note the review process was prompt, thorough and professionally critical. It gave us an insight into a number of important scientific/statistical issues. The review prompted us to review the relevant literature again and look at the limitations of the study. The peer reviewers were open, clear in the instructions and the editorial team was very prompt in their communication. This journal certainly publishes quality research articles. I would recommend the journal for any future publications.
Dear Jessica Magne, with gratitude for the joint work. Fast process of receiving and processing the submitted scientific materials in “Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions”. High level of competence of the editors with clear and correct recommendations and ideas for enriching the article.
We found the peer review process quick and positive in its input. The support from the editorial officer has been very agile, always with the intention of improving the article and taking into account our subsequent corrections.
My article, titled 'No Way Out of the Smartphone Epidemic Without Considering the Insights of Brain Research,' has been republished in the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The review process was seamless and professional, with the editors being both friendly and supportive. I am deeply grateful for their efforts.
To Dear Erin Aust – Editorial Coordinator of Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice! I declare that I am absolutely satisfied with your work carried out with great competence in following the manuscript during the various stages from its receipt, during the revision process to the final acceptance for publication. Thank Prof. Elvira Farina
Dear Jessica, and the super professional team of the ‘Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions’ I am sincerely grateful to the coordinated work of the journal team for the no problem with the submission of my manuscript: “Cardiometabolic Disorders in A Pregnant Woman with Severe Preeclampsia on the Background of Morbid Obesity (Case Report).” The review process by 5 experts was fast, and the comments were professional, which made it more specific and academic, and the process of publication and presentation of the article was excellent. I recommend that my colleagues publish articles in this journal, and I am interested in further scientific cooperation. Sincerely and best wishes, Dr. Oleg Golyanovskiy.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator of the journal - Psychology and Mental Health Care. " The process of obtaining publication of my article in the Psychology and Mental Health Journal was positive in all areas. The peer review process resulted in a number of valuable comments, the editorial process was collaborative and timely, and the quality of this journal has been quickly noticed, resulting in alternative journals contacting me to publish with them." Warm regards, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.
Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. I appreciate the journal (JCCI) editorial office support, the entire team leads were always ready to help, not only on technical front but also on thorough process. Also, I should thank dear reviewers’ attention to detail and creative approach to teach me and bring new insights by their comments. Surely, more discussions and introduction of other hemodynamic devices would provide better prevention and management of shock states. Your efforts and dedication in presenting educational materials in this journal are commendable. Best wishes from, Farahnaz Fallahian.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. I am delighted to have published our manuscript, "Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (ACPO): A rare but serious complication following caesarean section." I want to thank the editorial team, especially Maria Emerson, for their prompt review of the manuscript, quick responses to queries, and overall support. Yours sincerely Dr. Victor Olagundoye.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. Many thanks for publishing this manuscript after I lost confidence the editors were most helpful, more than other journals Best wishes from, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The entire process including article submission, review, revision, and publication was extremely easy. The journal editor was prompt and helpful, and the reviewers contributed to the quality of the paper. Thank you so much! Eric Nussbaum, MD
Dr Hala Al Shaikh This is to acknowledge that the peer review process for the article ’ A Novel Gnrh1 Gene Mutation in Four Omani Male Siblings, Presentation and Management ’ sent to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was quick and smooth. The editorial office was prompt with easy communication.
Dear Erin Aust, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice. We are pleased to share our experience with the “Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice”, following the successful publication of our article. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, helping to improve the clarity and quality of the manuscript. We are especially thankful to Ms. Erin Aust, the Editorial Coordinator, for her prompt communication and continuous support throughout the process. Her professionalism ensured a smooth and efficient publication experience. The journal upholds high editorial standards, and we highly recommend it to fellow researchers seeking a credible platform for their work. Best wishes By, Dr. Rakhi Mishra.
Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. The peer review process of the journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions was excellent and fast, as was the support of the editorial office and the quality of the journal. Kind regards Walter F. Riesen Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Walter F. Riesen.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. Thank you for publishing our article, Exploring Clozapine's Efficacy in Managing Aggression: A Multiple Single-Case Study in Forensic Psychiatry in the international journal of clinical case reports and reviews. We found the peer review process very professional and efficient. The comments were constructive, and the whole process was efficient. On behalf of the co-authors, I would like to thank you for publishing this article. With regards, Dr. Jelle R. Lettinga.
Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, I would like to express my deep admiration for the exceptional professionalism demonstrated by your journal. I am thoroughly impressed by the speed of the editorial process, the substantive and insightful reviews, and the meticulous preparation of the manuscript for publication. Additionally, I greatly appreciate the courteous and immediate responses from your editorial office to all my inquiries. Best Regards, Dariusz Ziora
Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Auctores Publishing LLC, We would like to thank the editorial team for the smooth and high-quality communication leading up to the publication of our article in the Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. The reviewers have extensive knowledge in the field, and their relevant questions helped to add value to our publication. Kind regards, Dr. Ravi Shrivastava.
Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, Auctores Publishing LLC, USA Office: +1-(302)-520-2644. I would like to express my sincere appreciation for the efficient and professional handling of my case report by the ‘Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies’. The peer review process was not only fast but also highly constructive—the reviewers’ comments were clear, relevant, and greatly helped me improve the quality and clarity of my manuscript. I also received excellent support from the editorial office throughout the process. Communication was smooth and timely, and I felt well guided at every stage, from submission to publication. The overall quality and rigor of the journal are truly commendable. I am pleased to have published my work with Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, and I look forward to future opportunities for collaboration. Sincerely, Aline Tollet, UCLouvain.
Dear Ms. Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. “The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews represented the “ideal house” to share with the research community a first experience with the use of the Simeox device for speech rehabilitation. High scientific reputation and attractive website communication were first determinants for the selection of this Journal, and the following submission process exceeded expectations: fast but highly professional peer review, great support by the editorial office, elegant graphic layout. Exactly what a dynamic research team - also composed by allied professionals - needs!" From, Chiara Beccaluva, PT - Italy.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, we have deeply appreciated the professionalism demonstrated by the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The reviewers have extensive knowledge of our field and have been very efficient and fast in supporting the process. I am really looking forward to further collaboration. Thanks. Best regards, Dr. Claudio Ligresti
Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. “The peer review process was efficient and constructive, and the editorial office provided excellent communication and support throughout. The journal ensures scientific rigor and high editorial standards, while also offering a smooth and timely publication process. We sincerely appreciate the work of the editorial team in facilitating the dissemination of innovative approaches such as the Bonori Method.” Best regards, Dr. Matteo Bonori.
I recommend without hesitation submitting relevant papers on medical decision making to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I am very grateful to the editorial staff. Maria Emerson was a pleasure to communicate with. The time from submission to publication was an extremely short 3 weeks. The editorial staff submitted the paper to three reviewers. Two of the reviewers commented positively on the value of publishing the paper. The editorial staff quickly recognized the third reviewer’s comments as an unjust attempt to reject the paper. I revised the paper as recommended by the first two reviewers.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. Thank you for publishing our case report: "Clinical Case of Effective Fetal Stem Cells Treatment in a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder" within the "Journal of Clinical Research and Reports" being submitted by the team of EmCell doctors from Kyiv, Ukraine. We much appreciate a professional and transparent peer-review process from Auctores. All research Doctors are so grateful to your Editorial Office and Auctores Publishing support! I amiably wish our article publication maintained a top quality of your International Scientific Journal. My best wishes for a prosperity of the Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. Hope our scientific relationship and cooperation will remain long lasting. Thank you very much indeed. Kind regards, Dr. Andriy Sinelnyk Cell Therapy Center EmCell
Dear Editorial Team, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions. It was truly a rewarding experience to work with the journal “Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions”. The peer review process was insightful and encouraging, helping us refine our work to a higher standard. The editorial office offered exceptional support with prompt and thoughtful communication. I highly value the journal’s role in promoting scientific advancement and am honored to be part of it. Best regards, Meng-Jou Lee, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital.
Dear Editorial Team, Journal-Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, “Publishing my article with Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions has been a highly positive experience. The peer-review process was rigorous yet supportive, offering valuable feedback that strengthened my work. The editorial team demonstrated exceptional professionalism, prompt communication, and a genuine commitment to maintaining the highest scientific standards. I am very pleased with the publication quality and proud to be associated with such a reputable journal.” Warm regards, Dr. Mahmoud Kamal Moustafa Ahmed
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator of ‘International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews’, I appreciate the opportunity to publish my article with your journal. The editorial office provided clear communication during the submission and review process, and I found the overall experience professional and constructive. Best regards, Elena Salvatore.
Dear Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator of ‘International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews Herewith I confirm an optimal peer review process and a great support of the editorial office of the present journal
Dear Editorial Team, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions. I am really grateful for the peers review; their feedback gave me the opportunity to reflect on the message and impact of my work and to ameliorate the article. The editors did a great job in addition by encouraging me to continue with the process of publishing.
Dear Cecilia Lilly, Editorial Coordinator, Endocrinology and Disorders, Thank you so much for your quick response regarding reviewing and all process till publishing our manuscript entitled: Prevalence of Pre-Diabetes and its Associated Risk Factors Among Nile College Students, Sudan. Best regards, Dr Mamoun Magzoub.
