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Research Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/291
1 Sangmelima Referral Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, 890 Sangmelima, Cameroon.
2 Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ebolowa, 16637 Yaoundé, Cameroon.
3 University of Navarra, Department of Health Sciences, Healthcare Research Institute of Navarre, Area of Epidemiology & Public Health, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
4 School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, 1110 Yaoundé, Cameroon.
5. University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
6. Network of Francophone Establishments in Public Health (REFESP), 35043, Rennes, France.
7. Focal Point of the Master in Public Health Harmonization Program in Central Africa (CEMAC), Brazzaville Congo.
*Corresponding Author: Luc Onambele, School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, 1110 Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Citation: Tarcisse Koukolo Biwoele, Annick Nkengue Ndoumba, Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso, Servais Ngo’o, Luc Onambele, et al., (2026), Factors Associated with the Occurrence and Complications of Arterial Hypertension at the Sangmelima Referral Hospital – Cameroon, Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports, 8(2); DOI:10.31579/2690-8794/291
Copyright: © 2026, Luc Onambele. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 14 January 2026 | Accepted: 30 January 2026 | Published: 16 February 2026
Keywords: arterial hypertension; cardiovascular diseases; associated factors; Sangmelima referral hospital
Hypertension is a public health problem with serious social, economic, and health consequences. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 1 in 3 adults worldwide suffers from hypertension. In Cameroon, the prevalence of hypertension is estimated at 35%, with nearly 17,000 deaths recorded each year. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the occurrence and complications of hypertension at the Sangmelima Referral Hospital (SRH). A total of 528 patients treated in the cardiology department of the SRH were identified between January and December 2023. The data were analyzed using SPSS 28 software. Binary logistic regression determined the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals associated with each variable. Differences were statistically significant for a p-value < 0.05. At the SRH, the annual incidence of hypertension was 16.13%. Hypertension was present in 78.8% of patients. The factors associated with the occurrence and complications of hypertension were age (OR=1.028; p=0.003 ), level of education (OR=15.49; p=0.023), marital status (OR=3.859; p=0.04), hypercholesterolemia (OR=2.856; p=0.01), monthly income (OR=0.882; p=0.026), number of dependents (OR=1.231; p=0.025), food security (OR=16.666; p p<0.001), tobacco consumption (OR=8.592; p=0.041), fruit and vegetable consumption (OR=0.027; p=0.031), salt/sugar consumption (OR=8.129; p<0.001), place of residence (OR=4.794; p=0.005), access to essential technologies (OR=8.851; p=0.002), and use of traditional care (OR=3.137; np=0.032). HTA at the HRS is associated with several factors. In order to limit the impact of hypertension, it is crucial to emphasize improving socioeconomic and health conditions.
Hypertension is one of the leading causes of premature death and disability worldwide. It contributes to over 10 million preventable deaths annually, primarily through complications such as stroke, heart failure, myocardial infarction and kidney disease [1-3]. Although once considered a condition of high-income countries, hypertension now disproportion-ately affects low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where nearly two-thirds of cases are found [4]. Sub-Saharan Africa is particularly affected, with recent estimates suggesting that 25% to 35% of adults aged 25 to 64 are hypertensive [5,6]. Yet awareness, diagnosis, and control rates remain unacceptably low [7].
The growing burden of hypertension in Africa is largely driven by a complex interplay of factors, including population aging, rapid urbanization, lifestyle transitions, and structural weaknesses in health systems. Dietary shifts toward processed foods high in salt and sugar, physical inactivity, increased alcohol and tobacco consumption, and poor health literacy all contribute to the epidemic [8–10]. At the same time, limited access to essential diagnostic tools, preventive care, and affordable medications hampers early detection and long-term control [11].
In Cameroon, national surveys have documented a rising trend in hypertension prevalence — from 18.5% in 1998 to 29.7% in recent years [12-14]. Almost 35% of the adult population is affected; however, regional disparities persist [14-16]. In the southern region, particularly in towns like Sangmelima, socioeconomic hardship, limited dietary diversity, and reliance on traditional medicine remain common. These conditions may increase vulnerability to both hypertension and its complications, yet data on risk factors in such semi-urban settings are sparse.
Since the arrival of a cardiologist at the Sangmelima Referral Hospital (SRH) in 2018, the number of detected cases of hypertension and cardiovascular disease has markedly increased from 157 cases in 2018 to 625 cases in 2023 [17]. This shift offers a valuable opportunity to explore the individual and contextual determinants of hypertension in a high-risk population.
This study aimed to identify the sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral, environmental, and systemic factors associated with hypertension and its complications among patients treated at the SRH, in order to inform more targeted prevention and management strategies.
This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at the Cardiology Department of the SRH, South Cameroon. The study population consisted of 528 patients managed for cardiovascular conditions between January and December 2023.
Data collection was carried out in two complementary phases. The first (passive) phase involved a review of patient medical records to extract sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral, socioeconomic, environmental, and health-related data. In the second (active) phase, structured telephone interviews were conducted with patients or caregivers to collect additional information not available in the records.
Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 28. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the characteristics of the population. Associations between variables and hypertension were assessed using Chi-square tests and Cramer’s V. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify independent factors associated with the occurrence and complications of hypertension. A p-value < 0>
Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of the School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa (Ref: 2024/020641/CEIRSH/ESS/MSP). The authoriz-ation for data collection was obtained from the Director of the Hospital. Verbal informed consent was also obtained from all p articipants prior to data collection. Data collection lasted 03 months from January 2024.
3.1. Univariate Descriptive Analysis
3.1.1. Sociodemographic factors
A total of 528 patients were included, with a mean age of 59.5 ± 15.4 years (range: 13–92 years). Women represented 58% of the sample, and 62.7% had only primary level education. Most participants (50.6%) were married, with an average of six dependents per household (Table 1, Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4).
| Sociodemographic Factors | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) | Cumulative Percentage (%) | |
| Sex | Men | 222 | 42,0 | 42,0 |
| Women | 306 | 58,0 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
| Marital Status | Single | 136 | 25,8 | 25,8 |
| Married | 267 | 50,6 | 76,3 | |
| Widowed | 110 | 20,8 | 97,2 | |
| Divorce | 15 | 2,8 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
| Study Level | None | 12 | 2,3 | 2,3 |
| Primary | 331 | 62,7 | 65,0 | |
| Secondary | 112 | 21,2 | 86,2 | |
| Superior | 73 | 13,8 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
Note: Values are presented as frequencies and percentages of the study population (n = 528).
Table 1: Distribution of sociodemographic factors in the study population.
Figure 1: Age distribution of the study population.
Figure 2: Weight distribution of the study population.
Figure 3: Weight distribution of the study population.
Figure 4: Distribution of the study population’s number of people in charge.
3.1.2. Clinical and metabolic factors
Clinically and metabolically, 78.8% of the participants were hypertensive, 20.6% were obese, 10% were diabetic, and 18% had hypercholesterolemia (Table 2).
| Clinical and metabolic factors | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) | Cumulative Percentage (%) | |
| Diabetic | No | 475 | 90,0 | 90,0 |
| Yes | 53 | 10,0 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
| Hypertention | No | 112 | 21,2 | 21,2 |
| Yes | 416 | 78,8 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | Slim | 32 | 6,1 | 6,1 |
| Normal | 217 | 41,1 | 47,2 | |
| Overweight | 170 | 32,2 | 79,4 | |
| Obese | 109 | 20,6 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
| Hypercholesterolemia | No | 433 | 82,0 | 82,0 |
| Yes | 95 | 18,0 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
Table 2: Distribution of clinical and metabolic factors in the study population. Note: Values are presented as frequencies and percentages of the study population (n = 528),
3.1.3. Socioeconomic factors
Socioeconomically, 84.8% of patients reported food insecurity, and 54.7% had a very low monthly income between 50,000 and 100,000 FCFA (Table 3).
| Socioeconomic Factors | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) | Cumulative Percentage (%) | |
Profession | Government employee | 66 | 12,5 | 12,5 |
| Private sector employee | 48 | 9,1 | 21,6 | |
| Indépendant employee | 44 | 8,3 | 29,9 | |
| Farmer | 101 | 19,1 | 49,1 | |
| Breeder | 9 | 1,7 | 50,8 | |
| Retailler | 55 | 10,4 | 61,2 | |
| Pupil / Student | 19 | 3,6 | 64,8 | |
| Retired | 95 | 18,0 | 82,8 | |
| Housekeeper | 79 | 15,0 | 97,8 | |
| Unemployee | 12 | 2,2 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
Income Monthly | Less than 50 000F | 75 | 14,2 | 14,2 |
| Between 50 et 100 000F | 289 | 54,7 | 68,9 | |
| Between 100 et 200 000F | 129 | 24,4 | 93,4 | |
| Between 200 et 300 000F | 29 | 5,5 | 98,9 | |
| More than 300 000F | 6 | 1,1 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
Food Safety | Insufficient | 448 | 84,8 | 84,8 |
| Sufficient | 80 | 15,2 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
Note: Values are presented as frequencies and percentages of the study population (n = 528).
Table 3: Distribution of clinical and metabolic factors in the study population. Note: Values are presented as frequencies and percentages of the study population (n = 528),
3.1.4. Behavioral factors
Behaviorally, 5.7% were regular smokers, 33.7% regularly consumed alcohol, 26.1% practiced sports weekly, 22.3% consumed fruits and vegetables regularly,
| Behavioral Factors | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) | Cumulative Percentage (%) | |
Tabacco Consumption | No | 453 | 85,8 | 85,8 |
| Former smoker | 33 | 6,3 | 92,0 | |
| Occasional smoker | 12 | 2,3 | 94,3 | |
| Regular smoker | 30 | 5,7 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
Alcohol Consumption | No | 91 | 17,2 | 17,2 |
| Former consumer | 33 | 6,3 | 23,5 | |
| Occasional consumer | 226 | 42,8 | 66,3 | |
| Regular consumer | 178 | 33,7 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
Practising Sport | No | 125 | 23,7 | 23,7 |
| Former practitioner | 62 | 11,7 | 35,4 | |
| Occasionnal practitioner | 203 | 38,4 | 73,9 | |
| Regular practitioner | 138 | 26,1 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
Fruit and Vegetable Consumption | No | 1 | 0,2 | 0,2 |
| Former consumer | 3 | 0,6 | 0,8 | |
| Occasional consumer | 406 | 76,9 | 77,7 | |
| Regular consumer | 118 | 22,3 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
Salt/Sugar Consumption | No Former consumer | 0 8 | 0 1,5 | 0 1,5 |
| Occasional consumer | 189 | 35,8 | 37,3 | |
| Regular consumer | 331 | 62,7 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
Note: Values are presented as frequencies and percentages of the study population (n = 528).
Table 4: Distribution of behavioral factors in the study population,
3.1.5. Environmental and cultural factors
Regarding environment and culture, 75.8% of participants live in urban areas, 95.5% of patients are Christian, and 81.3?long to the Fang-Beti cultural area (Table 5).
| Environmental and Cultural Factors | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) | Cumulative Percentage (%) | |
| Place of Residence | Urban | 400 | 75,8 | 75,8 |
| Semi-urban | 52 | 9,8 | 85,6 | |
| Rural | 76 | 14,4 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
| Religion | Christian | 504 | 95,5 | 95,5 |
| Muslim | 21 | 4,0 | 99,4 | |
| Others | 3 | ,6 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
| Cultural Area | Fang-Beti | 429 | 81,3 | 81,6 |
| Soudan-Sahel | 16 | 3,0 | 84,3 | |
| GrassFields | 60 | 11,4 | 95,6 | |
| Sawa | 8 | 1,5 | 97,2 | |
| Others | 15 | 2,8 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
Note: Values are presented as frequencies and percentages of the study population (n = 528).
Table 5: Distribution of environmental and cultural factors in the study population.,
3.1.6. Heath factors
In terms of health system access, 83.1% lacked access to essential technologies, and 17.4% reported using traditional medicine. The most common hypertension-related complications were hypertensive heart disease (48.5%), ischemic heart disease (25.2%), heart failure (10.3%), and stroke (4.9%). Housekeepers aged around 60, with primary education, were the most affected by hypertension (Table 6).
| Health factors | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) | Cumulative Percentage (%) | |
| HTA Complications | Hypertensive heart disease | 255 | 48,3 | 48,3 |
| AVC | 26 | 4,9 | 53,2 | |
| Heart failiure | 54 | 10,3 | 63,5 | |
| Ischemic heart diseases | 133 | 25,2 | 88,7 | |
| Others | 60 | 11,3 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
| Early Detection | No | 416 | 78,8 | 78,8 |
| Yes | 112 | 21,2 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
| Access to Technology | No | 439 | 83,1 | 83,1 |
| Yes | 89 | 16,9 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
| Access to Medicine | No | 36 | 6,8 | 6,8 |
| Yes | 492 | 93,2 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
| Acces to Therapeutic Education | No | 53 | 10,0 | 10,0 |
| Yes | 475 | 90,0 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
| Recours to Traditionnal Medicine | No | 436 | 82,6 | 82,6 |
| Yes | 92 | 17,4 | 100,0 | |
| Total | 528 | 100,0 | ||
Note: Values are presented as frequencies and percentages of the study population (n = 528).
Table 6: Distribution of health factors in the study population.,
Overall, hypertension is present in 78.8% of participants. 84.8% of these participants live in unfavorable socioeconomic conditions in urban areas (75.8%), and 62.3% regularly consume salty or sugary foods. 78.6% of diseases are detected late and 17.4% recourse to traditional care.
3.2. Bivariate Analysis
3.2.1. Sociodemographic factors
Sociodemographically, age was strongly associated with the onset of hypertension, while marital status, level of education, and gender were weakly associated with hypertension among the study population (Figure 5).
Figure 5: Strength of association between hypertension and sociodemographic factors (A value of Cramer’s V between 0 and 0.1 indicates a weak association; between 0.1 to 0.3 a moderate association, and above 0.3 a strong association).
3.2.2. Clinical and metabolic factors
In clinical and metabolic terms, there was a weak association between hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia, respectively among the study population (Figure 6).
Figure 6: Strength of association between hypertension and clinical & metabolic factors (A value of Cramer’s V between 0 and 0.1 indicates a weak association; between 0.1 to 0.3 a moderate association, and above 0.3 a strong association).
3.2.3. Socioeconomic factors
Regarding socioeconomic status, there was a moderate association between hypertension and profession and a weak association between hypertension and participants’ income and food security among the study population (Figure 7).
Figure 7: Strength of association between hypertension and socioeconomic factors (A value of Cramer’s V between 0 and 0.1 indicates a weak association; between 0.1 to 0.3 a moderate association, and above 0.3 a strong association).
3.2.4. Behavioral factors
At the behavioral level, there was a weak association between hypertension and smoking, physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption, and a moderate association between hypertension and salt or sugar consumption among the study population (Figure 8).
Figure 8: Strength of association between hypertension and socioeconomic factors (A value of Cramer’s V between 0 and 0.1 indicates a weak association; between 0.1 to 0.3 a moderate association, and above 0.3 a strong association).
3.2.5. Environmental and cultural factors
Regarding the physical and socio-cultural environment, there was no association between hypertension and independent variables tested among the study population.
3.2.6. Health factors
Regarding health, there was a moderate association between hypertension, access to essential technologies, and access to essential medicines, respectively, and a weak association between hypertension and access to therapeutic education among the participants identified (Figure 9).
Figure 9: Strength of the association of hypertension with the health environment (A value of Cramer’s V between 0 and 0.1 indicates a weak association; between 0.1 to 0.3 a moderate association, and above 0.3 a strong association).
Finally, bivariate analysis revealed moderate associations between hypertension and variables such as age, occupation, salt/sugar intake, and access to health technologies. Weaker associations were observed with factors like education level, marital status, income, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking.
3.3. Multivariate Analysis
A binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with known hypertension. The full model was significant, χ² (26, N = 528) = 352.51, p < 0>
The following variables were independently associated with hypertension (p < 0 OR=1.028), OR=3.859), OR=15.494), OR=2.856), OR=1.231), OR=16.666), OR=8.592), OR=8.129), OR=0.027), OR=4.794), OR=8.851), OR=3.137). OR=0.882)> Independent risk factors (Adjusted OR > 1 and p < 0> Independent protective factors (Adjusted OR < 1>Factors Variable Adjusted OR 95% CI p-value Age 1.028 [1.010–1.047] 0.002** Low education level 15.494 [1.791–34.090] 0.013* Marital status (Married) 3.859 [1.059–14.064] 0.040* Hypercholesterolemia 2.856 [1.048–7.783] 0.040* High number of dependents 1.231 [1.030–1.471] 0.022* Food insecurity 16.666 [3.720–74.640] < 0> Regular tobacco use 8.592 [1.379–53.523] 0.021* Regular salt/sugar intake 8.129 [2.412–27.411] 0.001** Urban residence 4.794 [1.462–15.720] 0.009** Poor access to health technology 8.851 [2.054–38.148] 0.003** Traditional medicine use 3.137 [1.043–9.436] 0.042* Regular fruit/vegetable intake 0.027 [0.003–0.228] 0.001** Higher monthly income 0.882 [0.793–0.981] 0.021*
Note: Only significant variables (p < 0 xss=removed xss=removed>< 0.05; **p< 0.01; ***p< 0.001).
Table 7: Multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors associated with hypertension.
The final binary logistic regression model predicting the probability p that an individual is hypertensive is:
logit (p) = − 5.333 + 0.028 x age + 2.740 x level education + 1.351 x marital status + 1.049 x level cholesterol + 0.208 x number dependents + 2.812 x food security + 2.150 x smoking + 2.096 x salt/sugar intake + 1.568 x residence + 2.181 x access health technologies + 1.144 x traditional medicine use − 3.612 x fruit/vegetable consumption − 0.126 x monthly income
Where:
This equation makes it possible to calculate, for a given individual, the probability of known hypertension based on their sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics.
This study revealed a very high prevalence of hypertension (78.8%) among patients treated at the Cardiology Department of the SRH (representing 16,13% of total outpatients and 8,96% of overall hospitalizations [17]). Nearly half of hypertensive patients experienced hypertensive heart disease complications. These findings underscore the growing burden of hypertension in low-resource settings, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where early detection and management remain limited [5-8]. Unfortunately, these figures are rising with urbanization, the westernization of diets, and the aging of the population.
Age was significantly associated with hypertension. In our context, age is also associated with the onset of hypertension, with an odds ratio of 1.028. This means increasing age by one year increases hypertension by 0.028 (2.8%). These results are consistent with well-documented evidence linking older age to vascular stiffening and cumulative exposure to cardiovascular risk factors [18]. As in other African settings, we found that individuals with limited formal education were more likely to be hypertensive, possibly due to lower health literacy, reduced access to information, and delayed care-seeking behaviours [19]. The increase of hypertension observed among housekeepers (adjusted OR = 15.494) compared to other occupations seems to be linked to their low level of literacy. Concerning marital status, certain groups of individuals are more likely to be victims of social exclusion or discrimination, particularly widows/widowers, and therefore more likely to develop hypertension. Some authors point out that loneliness is mainly responsible for the differences in blood pressure observed in the elderly [20]. Despite these results, we found that being married or in a union appeared to increase the risk of hypertension by 3.9 times, possibly reflecting stress from familial and economic responsibilities in a context of widespread poverty.
Clinically, hypercholesterolemia was a strong predictor of hypertension. Indeed, hypercholesterolemia increases the risk of hypertension by approximately 2.9 times supporting the known interplay between lipid metabolism disorders and cardiovascular dysfunction. The high rate of coexisting obesity and diabetes further highlights the clustering of non-communicable disease risk factors in this population, which reinforces the need for integrated care approaches [8,9,16].
Socioeconomic vulnerability emerged as a major driver of hypertension. Patients with low income, high household dependency ratios, and food insecurity were significantly more likely to be hypertensive. Indeed, each additional dependent increases the likelihood of having known hypertension by 23.1%. In addition, people who are unable to meet their nutritional needs are 16.7 times more likely to have known hypertension. The occupation and the number of dependents in a household therefore, act synergistically on food security, which in turn influences the occurrence of hypertension with an odds ratio of 16.666. This association is directly proportional to the number of dependent children (adjusted OR = 1.231). This may reflect increased stress due to more dependants and limited access to regular medical monitoring. These findings are consistent with the literature showing that poverty limits access to healthy food, preventive services, and regular follow-up, while increasing psychological stress [12-14,21,22].
Behavioural factors such as excessive salt/sugar intake and tobacco use were also independently associated with hypertension, in line with global evidence [6]. People with a low level of education are 15.5 times more likely to have high blood pressure. Indeed, most behavioural factors are related to the level of health education. A higher level of education reflects a better understanding of their health status. Conversely, regular fruit and vegetable consumption was found to be protective, supporting dietary recommendations for cardiovascular health [16,23]. Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with a 97.3% reduction in the likelihood of hypertension. This means that fruit and vegetable consumption has a protective effect of 0.973 (97.3%) on hypertension, while tobacco and salt/sugar consumption have a multiplier effect of 8.592 and 8.129, respectively, on hypertension. In our study context unfortunately, regular consumption of fruits and vegetables is synonymous with poverty and therefore an obstacle to the prevention of hypertension.
Beyond individual factors, structural barriers were evident. Most patients lacked access to essential medicines and health technologies such as blood pressure monitors or glucometers, and many reported using traditional medicine as a substitute for biomedical care. Access to better healthcare technologies may reflect greater awareness or better diagnosis, but the poverty of the population often complicates this situation. In this study, the recourse to traditional care is estimated at 17.4% which often lead to undiagnosed hypertension. These findings highlight gaps in the health system, particularly in rural and semi-urban areas [12,15] and call for investment in primary healthcare, accessible diagnostics, and culturally sensitive health education.
The integration of multivariate results confirmed the combined influence of sociodemographic, clinical, behavioural, and structural factors on hypertension. The predominant role of food insecurity and low educational attainment underscores the importance of social determinants of health. The strong association with smoking, excessive salt/sugar intake, and limited access to health technologies illustrates the weight of risky behaviours and structural barriers. The protective effects of fruit/vegetable consumption and higher income reinforce nutritional recommendations and the importance of improving socioeconomic conditions to prevent hypertension.
The study limitations its retrospective design that might have introduced missing data or information bias, especially in behavioural variables collected via telephone interviews. Furthermore, as the sample was drawn from a hospital population, findings may not fully represent the general population of southern Cameroon. However, the use of both medical records and patient follow-up interviews strengthens the internal validity of the findings.
Hypertension is highly prevalent (78.8%) and frequently complicated among patients at the SRH (hypertensive heart disease (48.5%), ischaemic heart disease (25.2%), heart failure (10.3%) and stroke (4.9%). These results show that hypertension in the study population is multifactorial, associated with sociodemographic determinants (age, education level, marital status, number of dependents, place of residence), behavioural determinants (smoking, salt/sugar consumption, diet), and determinants related to access to healthcare (health technologies, use of traditional medicine).
This study provides evidence from southern Cameroon, identifying key risk factors such as food insecurity, low educational attainment, and poor access to health technologies in a semi-urban population.It highlights the burden of hypertension-related complications and the role of traditional medicine and health system limitations in disease management. These findings underscore the urgent need for integrated, community-based prevention strategies targeting behavioural risk factors and social determinants of health. Strengthening health literacy, improving access to affordable diagnostic tools, and addressing food insecurity should be prioritized to reduce the burden of hypertension in southern Cameroon and similar settings.
Future research should explore longitudinal and community-level data to better inform public health policies and tailored interventions.
Acknowledgements:
This article is based on research originally conducted as part of Tarcisse Koukolo Biwoele’s master’s thesis titled ‘Factors Associated with the Occurrence and Complications of Arterial Hypertension at the Sangmelima Referral Hospital—Cameroon’, submitted to the School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa in 2024. The thesis was supervised by Luc Onambele. The manuscript has since been revised and adapted for journal publication. The original thesis is available upon request from the ESS-UCAC library manager at: https://www.ess-ucac.org/bibliotheque/
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interest.
Authors’ contributions
Research design and conceptualization: Tarcisse Biwoele and Luc Onambele;
Research protocol: Tarcisse Biwoele and Annick Ndoumba;
Investigators: Tarcisse Biwoele, Annick Ndoumba;
Data collection & curation: Tarcisse Biwoele and Annick Ndoumba;
Software & statistical analysis: Tarcisse Biwoele;
Funding and resources acquisition: Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso and Luc Onambele;
Administration and supervision: Luc Onambele and Sylvie Ambomo;
Writing – original draft: Tarcisse Biwoele, Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso, Francisco Guillen-Grima and Luc Onambele;
Revision & edition: Tarcisse Biwoele, Annick Ndoumba, Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso, Francisco Guillen-Grima and Luc Onambele.
All authors have read and validated the final version of the manuscript for publication.
Funding: All authors have read and validated the final version of the manuscript for publication. This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-profit sectors.
Data availability: The dataset supporting the conclusions of this article is available in the preprints.org (www.preprints.org) at doi: 10.20944/preprints202409. 0548.v1. The complete results of this study can be found in the ESS-UCAC library on the website: www.ess-ucac.org
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Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
I would like to offer my testimony in the support. I have received through the peer review process and support the editorial office where they are to support young authors like me, encourage them to publish their work in your esteemed journals, and globalize and share knowledge globally. I really appreciate your journal, peer review, and editorial office.
Dear Agrippa Hilda- Editorial Coordinator of Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, "The peer review process was very quick and of high quality, which can also be seen in the articles in the journal. The collaboration with the editorial office was very good."
I would like to express my sincere gratitude for the support and efficiency provided by the editorial office throughout the publication process of my article, “Delayed Vulvar Metastases from Rectal Carcinoma: A Case Report.” I greatly appreciate the assistance and guidance I received from your team, which made the entire process smooth and efficient. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, contributing to the overall quality of the final article. I am very grateful for the high level of professionalism and commitment shown by the editorial staff, and I look forward to maintaining a long-term collaboration with the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
To Dear Erin Aust, I would like to express my heartfelt appreciation for the opportunity to have my work published in this esteemed journal. The entire publication process was smooth and well-organized, and I am extremely satisfied with the final result. The Editorial Team demonstrated the utmost professionalism, providing prompt and insightful feedback throughout the review process. Their clear communication and constructive suggestions were invaluable in enhancing my manuscript, and their meticulous attention to detail and dedication to quality are truly commendable. Additionally, the support from the Editorial Office was exceptional. From the initial submission to the final publication, I was guided through every step of the process with great care and professionalism. The team's responsiveness and assistance made the entire experience both easy and stress-free. I am also deeply impressed by the quality and reputation of the journal. It is an honor to have my research featured in such a respected publication, and I am confident that it will make a meaningful contribution to the field.
"I am grateful for the opportunity of contributing to [International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews] and for the rigorous review process that enhances the quality of research published in your esteemed journal. I sincerely appreciate the time and effort of your team who have dedicatedly helped me in improvising changes and modifying my manuscript. The insightful comments and constructive feedback provided have been invaluable in refining and strengthening my work".
I thank the ‘Journal of Clinical Research and Reports’ for accepting this article for publication. This is a rigorously peer reviewed journal which is on all major global scientific data bases. I note the review process was prompt, thorough and professionally critical. It gave us an insight into a number of important scientific/statistical issues. The review prompted us to review the relevant literature again and look at the limitations of the study. The peer reviewers were open, clear in the instructions and the editorial team was very prompt in their communication. This journal certainly publishes quality research articles. I would recommend the journal for any future publications.
Dear Jessica Magne, with gratitude for the joint work. Fast process of receiving and processing the submitted scientific materials in “Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions”. High level of competence of the editors with clear and correct recommendations and ideas for enriching the article.
We found the peer review process quick and positive in its input. The support from the editorial officer has been very agile, always with the intention of improving the article and taking into account our subsequent corrections.
My article, titled 'No Way Out of the Smartphone Epidemic Without Considering the Insights of Brain Research,' has been republished in the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The review process was seamless and professional, with the editors being both friendly and supportive. I am deeply grateful for their efforts.
To Dear Erin Aust – Editorial Coordinator of Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice! I declare that I am absolutely satisfied with your work carried out with great competence in following the manuscript during the various stages from its receipt, during the revision process to the final acceptance for publication. Thank Prof. Elvira Farina
Dear Jessica, and the super professional team of the ‘Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions’ I am sincerely grateful to the coordinated work of the journal team for the no problem with the submission of my manuscript: “Cardiometabolic Disorders in A Pregnant Woman with Severe Preeclampsia on the Background of Morbid Obesity (Case Report).” The review process by 5 experts was fast, and the comments were professional, which made it more specific and academic, and the process of publication and presentation of the article was excellent. I recommend that my colleagues publish articles in this journal, and I am interested in further scientific cooperation. Sincerely and best wishes, Dr. Oleg Golyanovskiy.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator of the journal - Psychology and Mental Health Care. " The process of obtaining publication of my article in the Psychology and Mental Health Journal was positive in all areas. The peer review process resulted in a number of valuable comments, the editorial process was collaborative and timely, and the quality of this journal has been quickly noticed, resulting in alternative journals contacting me to publish with them." Warm regards, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.
Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. I appreciate the journal (JCCI) editorial office support, the entire team leads were always ready to help, not only on technical front but also on thorough process. Also, I should thank dear reviewers’ attention to detail and creative approach to teach me and bring new insights by their comments. Surely, more discussions and introduction of other hemodynamic devices would provide better prevention and management of shock states. Your efforts and dedication in presenting educational materials in this journal are commendable. Best wishes from, Farahnaz Fallahian.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. I am delighted to have published our manuscript, "Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (ACPO): A rare but serious complication following caesarean section." I want to thank the editorial team, especially Maria Emerson, for their prompt review of the manuscript, quick responses to queries, and overall support. Yours sincerely Dr. Victor Olagundoye.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. Many thanks for publishing this manuscript after I lost confidence the editors were most helpful, more than other journals Best wishes from, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The entire process including article submission, review, revision, and publication was extremely easy. The journal editor was prompt and helpful, and the reviewers contributed to the quality of the paper. Thank you so much! Eric Nussbaum, MD
Dr Hala Al Shaikh This is to acknowledge that the peer review process for the article ’ A Novel Gnrh1 Gene Mutation in Four Omani Male Siblings, Presentation and Management ’ sent to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was quick and smooth. The editorial office was prompt with easy communication.
Dear Erin Aust, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice. We are pleased to share our experience with the “Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice”, following the successful publication of our article. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, helping to improve the clarity and quality of the manuscript. We are especially thankful to Ms. Erin Aust, the Editorial Coordinator, for her prompt communication and continuous support throughout the process. Her professionalism ensured a smooth and efficient publication experience. The journal upholds high editorial standards, and we highly recommend it to fellow researchers seeking a credible platform for their work. Best wishes By, Dr. Rakhi Mishra.
Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. The peer review process of the journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions was excellent and fast, as was the support of the editorial office and the quality of the journal. Kind regards Walter F. Riesen Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Walter F. Riesen.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. Thank you for publishing our article, Exploring Clozapine's Efficacy in Managing Aggression: A Multiple Single-Case Study in Forensic Psychiatry in the international journal of clinical case reports and reviews. We found the peer review process very professional and efficient. The comments were constructive, and the whole process was efficient. On behalf of the co-authors, I would like to thank you for publishing this article. With regards, Dr. Jelle R. Lettinga.
Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, I would like to express my deep admiration for the exceptional professionalism demonstrated by your journal. I am thoroughly impressed by the speed of the editorial process, the substantive and insightful reviews, and the meticulous preparation of the manuscript for publication. Additionally, I greatly appreciate the courteous and immediate responses from your editorial office to all my inquiries. Best Regards, Dariusz Ziora
Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Auctores Publishing LLC, We would like to thank the editorial team for the smooth and high-quality communication leading up to the publication of our article in the Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. The reviewers have extensive knowledge in the field, and their relevant questions helped to add value to our publication. Kind regards, Dr. Ravi Shrivastava.
Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, Auctores Publishing LLC, USA Office: +1-(302)-520-2644. I would like to express my sincere appreciation for the efficient and professional handling of my case report by the ‘Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies’. The peer review process was not only fast but also highly constructive—the reviewers’ comments were clear, relevant, and greatly helped me improve the quality and clarity of my manuscript. I also received excellent support from the editorial office throughout the process. Communication was smooth and timely, and I felt well guided at every stage, from submission to publication. The overall quality and rigor of the journal are truly commendable. I am pleased to have published my work with Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, and I look forward to future opportunities for collaboration. Sincerely, Aline Tollet, UCLouvain.
Dear Ms. Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. “The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews represented the “ideal house” to share with the research community a first experience with the use of the Simeox device for speech rehabilitation. High scientific reputation and attractive website communication were first determinants for the selection of this Journal, and the following submission process exceeded expectations: fast but highly professional peer review, great support by the editorial office, elegant graphic layout. Exactly what a dynamic research team - also composed by allied professionals - needs!" From, Chiara Beccaluva, PT - Italy.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, we have deeply appreciated the professionalism demonstrated by the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The reviewers have extensive knowledge of our field and have been very efficient and fast in supporting the process. I am really looking forward to further collaboration. Thanks. Best regards, Dr. Claudio Ligresti
Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. “The peer review process was efficient and constructive, and the editorial office provided excellent communication and support throughout. The journal ensures scientific rigor and high editorial standards, while also offering a smooth and timely publication process. We sincerely appreciate the work of the editorial team in facilitating the dissemination of innovative approaches such as the Bonori Method.” Best regards, Dr. Matteo Bonori.
I recommend without hesitation submitting relevant papers on medical decision making to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I am very grateful to the editorial staff. Maria Emerson was a pleasure to communicate with. The time from submission to publication was an extremely short 3 weeks. The editorial staff submitted the paper to three reviewers. Two of the reviewers commented positively on the value of publishing the paper. The editorial staff quickly recognized the third reviewer’s comments as an unjust attempt to reject the paper. I revised the paper as recommended by the first two reviewers.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. Thank you for publishing our case report: "Clinical Case of Effective Fetal Stem Cells Treatment in a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder" within the "Journal of Clinical Research and Reports" being submitted by the team of EmCell doctors from Kyiv, Ukraine. We much appreciate a professional and transparent peer-review process from Auctores. All research Doctors are so grateful to your Editorial Office and Auctores Publishing support! I amiably wish our article publication maintained a top quality of your International Scientific Journal. My best wishes for a prosperity of the Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. Hope our scientific relationship and cooperation will remain long lasting. Thank you very much indeed. Kind regards, Dr. Andriy Sinelnyk Cell Therapy Center EmCell
Dear Editorial Team, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions. It was truly a rewarding experience to work with the journal “Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions”. The peer review process was insightful and encouraging, helping us refine our work to a higher standard. The editorial office offered exceptional support with prompt and thoughtful communication. I highly value the journal’s role in promoting scientific advancement and am honored to be part of it. Best regards, Meng-Jou Lee, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital.
Dear Editorial Team, Journal-Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, “Publishing my article with Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions has been a highly positive experience. The peer-review process was rigorous yet supportive, offering valuable feedback that strengthened my work. The editorial team demonstrated exceptional professionalism, prompt communication, and a genuine commitment to maintaining the highest scientific standards. I am very pleased with the publication quality and proud to be associated with such a reputable journal.” Warm regards, Dr. Mahmoud Kamal Moustafa Ahmed
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator of ‘International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews’, I appreciate the opportunity to publish my article with your journal. The editorial office provided clear communication during the submission and review process, and I found the overall experience professional and constructive. Best regards, Elena Salvatore.
Dear Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator of ‘International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews Herewith I confirm an optimal peer review process and a great support of the editorial office of the present journal
Dear Editorial Team, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions. I am really grateful for the peers review; their feedback gave me the opportunity to reflect on the message and impact of my work and to ameliorate the article. The editors did a great job in addition by encouraging me to continue with the process of publishing.
Dear Cecilia Lilly, Editorial Coordinator, Endocrinology and Disorders, Thank you so much for your quick response regarding reviewing and all process till publishing our manuscript entitled: Prevalence of Pre-Diabetes and its Associated Risk Factors Among Nile College Students, Sudan. Best regards, Dr Mamoun Magzoub.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is a high quality journal that has a clear and concise submission process. The peer review process was comprehensive and constructive. Support from the editorial office was excellent, since the administrative staff were responsive. The journal provides a fast and timely publication timeline.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator of International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, What distinguishes International Journal of Clinical Case Report and Review is not only the scientific rigor of its publications, but the intellectual climate in which research is evaluated. The submission process is refreshingly free of unnecessary formal barriers and bureaucratic rituals that often complicate academic publishing without adding real value. The peer-review system is demanding yet constructive, guided by genuine scientific dialogue rather than hierarchical or authoritarian attitudes. Reviewers act as collaborators in improving the manuscript, not as gatekeepers imposing arbitrary standards. This journal offers a rare balance: high methodological standards combined with a respectful, transparent, and supportive editorial approach. In an era where publishing can feel more burdensome than research itself, this platform restores the original purpose of peer review — to refine ideas, not to obstruct them Prof. Perlat Kapisyzi, FCCP PULMONOLOGIST AND THORACIC IMAGING.
Dear Grace Pierce, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews I appreciate the opportunity to review for Auctore Journal, as the overall editorial process was smooth, transparent and professionally managed. This journal maintains high scientific standards and ensures timely communications with authors, which is truly commendable. I would like to express my special thanks to editor Grace Pierce for his constant guidance, promt responses, and supportive coordination throughout the review process. I am also greatful to Eleanor Bailey from the finance department for her clear communication and efficient handling of all administrative matters. Overall, my experience with Auctore Journal has been highly positive and rewarding. Best regards, Sabita sinha
Dear Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator of the journal IJCCR, I write here a little on my experience as an author submitting to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews (IJCCR). This was my first submission to IJCCR and my manuscript was inherently an outsider’s effort. It attempted to broadly identify and then make some sense of life’s under-appreciated mysteries. I initially had responded to a request for possible submissions. I then contacted IJCCR with a tentative topic for a manuscript. They quickly got back with an approval for the submission, but with a particular requirement that it be medically relevant. I then put together a manuscript and submitted it. After the usual back-and-forth over forms and formality, the manuscript was sent off for reviews. Within 2 weeks I got back 4 reviews which were both helpful and also surprising. Surprising in that the topic was somewhat foreign to medical literature. My subsequent updates in response to the reviewer comments went smoothly and in short order I had a series of proofs to evaluate. All in all, the whole publication process seemed outstanding. It was both helpful in terms of the paper’s content and also in terms of its efficient and friendly communications. Thank you all very much. Sincerely, Ted Christopher, Rochester, NY.
