AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Review Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-4861/808
Universidad de Valencia Faulted de Psychology y Logoplegia Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 21 46010 Valencia (Spain).
*Corresponding Author: Nuria Albi Nana -Cruz of Universidad de Valencia Faulted de Psychology y Logoplegia Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 21 46010 Valencia (Spain).
Citation: Nuria Albi Nana, (2026), Adaptation of the EMDR Standard Protocol for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, 34(2); DOI:10.31579/2690-4861/808
Copyright: © 2026, Weifen Deng. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Received: 21 January 2026 | Accepted: 04 February 2026 | Published: 16 February 2026
Keywords: obsessive-compulsive disorder; cognitive behavioural therapy; neurobiological
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterised by the persistence of recurrent and intrusive obsessions accompanied by repetitive compulsions that seek to alleviate the associated anxiety. Although its prevalence is significant, its clinical complexity is a therapeutic challenge due to the variability of symptoms, resistance to exposure and the frequent presence of comorbidities such as depression and anxiety disorders, and the partial or insufficient response to pharmacological treatment
Obsessive-compulsive disorder and its therapeutic challenges.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterised by the persistence of recurrent and intrusive obsessions accompanied by repetitive compulsions that seek to alleviate the associated anxiety. Although its prevalence is significant, its clinical complexity is a therapeutic challenge due to the variability of symptoms, resistance to exposure and the frequent presence of comorbidities such as depression and anxiety disorders, and the partial or insufficient response to pharmacological treatment. Treatments are often prolonged, and adherence tends to decrease over time, complicating the therapeutic approach to OCD and highlighting the importance of adopting comprehensive approaches and personalised strategies to maximise the treatment’s effectiveness and optimise the patients' quality of life.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), one of the conventional therapeutic approaches to treating OCD, postulates that obsessions arise from dysfunctional interpretations of intrusive thoughts, while compulsions act as emotional regulation strategies to reduce anxiety (Salkovskis, 1985). CBT has strong empirical support for OCD treatment (Reid et al., 2021; Kathmann et al., 2022; Öst et al., 2022; Guarnizo-Alvarez, 2023; Barboza-Anaya, 2023, among others). In this approach, Exposure with Response Prevention has been shown to be effective, although it is often perceived as stressful (Reid et al., 2021; Pareja, 2001).
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is another approach, although its empirical support is more limited (Soondrum, 2022; Philip, 2021; León-Quismondo et al., 2014).
From a neurobiological perspective, pharmacological treatment aims to correct alterations in the cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical circuits and in the balance of neurotransmitters such as serotonin (Stein et al., 2019). However, the evidence on their efficacy remains limited despite the large number of drugs studied and tested.
Other theoretical models have provided new perspectives on OCD: the Emotional Regulation model views it as a dysfunctional strategy for managing intense emotions such as guilt or disgust (Shafran et al., 1999). An evolutionary approach proposes that certain aspects of OCD derive from adaptive control mechanisms that have been overemphasised (Woody & Szechtman, 2011). The psychoanalytic model understood it as the result of unconscious conflicts and defences related to early emotional development (Freud, 1909). These models highlight trauma as a relevant aetiological factor in OCD (Van der Kolk, 2014), a relationship now recognised in the DSM-5. However, they do have significant limitations.
The difficulty of patients to apply adaptive coping strategies is a recurring problem in treating OCD, even when they understand the obsessive processes. This difficulty, associated with multiple factors (requiring specific attention), could explain the lack of response to cognitive-behavioural techniques in 15% to 40% of cases (Ruiz, 2009), while the high relapse rate remains a major problem.
Rationale for the adaptation of the standard eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) protocol for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR, 2023) considers any stressful or traumatic events suffered in childhood as OCD risk factors, for example physical and sexual abuse. Ibáñez et al. (2013) has shown the link between stressful and/or traumatic events and OCD symptoms, highlighting early recurrent experiences that have compromised basic needs for safety and well-being. Although the aetiology of the disorder is multifactorial, the importance of childhood trauma is highlighted as a crucial factor in its development (Cromer et al., 2007; De Silva et al., 2007; Bey et al., 2017; Pinillos, 2010) as well as a barrier to conventional treatment (Arenas Pijoan et al, 2022).
Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy works specifically on traumatic memories and associated stress symptoms, such as those found in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
The EMDR protocol consists of eight standardised phases, is applied to both the adult and child populations. This approach recognises that clinical pathology resides in dysfunctional stored memories and focuses on transforming these into functional memories through the natural process of memory consolidation (Shapiro, 2001; Solomon & Shapiro, 2008) based on a multifactorial conception of pathology that recognises the interaction of genetic and environmental influences.
Numerous international clinical guidelines, such as those of the World Health Organization (2013), the American Psychiatric Association (2021) and the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (2018) endorse EMDR as a therapy of choice for post-traumatic conditions. Although initially designed to address the stress associated with PTSD, it has also been proposed for other pathologies: trauma-based disorders can obtain significant benefits from EMDR (Van der Hart et al. 2010; Farina et al., 2019; Knipe, 2008; Forgash & Copeley, 2014), by adapting the standard EMDR protocol, as in Hofmann's (2004) inverted protocol and the alternative modes proposed by Leeds (González, et al., 2012).
The traditional CBT treatments use procedures that directly affect the person's beliefs and behaviour (e.g. prolonged exposure, questioning beliefs) and can re-traumatise the patient. However, focusing on the spontaneous associative processing of memories with a component of bilateral stimulation (auditory, tactile or eye movement tracking of a visual stimulus) does not involve working directly on types of behaviour or performing daily tasks; nor does it require detailed description of the traumatic event or prolonged exposure, all of which facilitates the therapeutic process in the general clinical population and in OCD cases in particular.
The efficacy of EMDR therapy for treating OCD has been evaluated by different approaches and clinical contexts through comparative studies, finding evidence of its effectiveness and highlighting the following conclusions:
- EMDR was more effective than Citalopram in improving OCD symptoms in the short term (Nazari et al., 2011).
- Combining EMDR with Response Prevention (RP) is an effective strategy to enhance the effectiveness of RP in treating OCD (Bohm & Voderholzer, 2012).
- After treatment with EMDR there was evidence of significant improvement in obsessive-compulsive symptoms (Van den Hout et al., 2012).
- Meta-analysis supporting the efficacy of EMDR as a therapeutic option to reduce OCD symptoms (Moreno-Alcázar et al., 2017).
- EMDR therapy was as effective as cognitive behavioural therapy treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (Marsden et al., 2018).
- Case study in which the participant received 15 sessions of EMDR: at 90 days post-treatment follow-up there was a substantial reduction in OCD symptoms (moderate to subclinical) as measured by the Yale-Brown Childhood Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, indicating a large effect size (d = 0.81). This study provides insight into OCD treatment and how the use of the triple (past, present and future) EMDR approach can be an effective tool (Cusimano, 2018).
- EMDR therapy was effective in reducing obsessive-compulsive symptoms and improving the patients' quality of life (Lee et al., 2019 in Houben et al, 2019).
- Two randomised controlled trials (RCTs)on 55 and 90 patients with OCD: one RCT showed that EMDR was superior to Citalopram in reducing OCD symptoms, while the other found that EMDR treatment and exposure and response prevention were equally effective in reducing symptoms, with the results maintained at 6-month follow-up (Böhm, 2019).
- EMDR therapy may be as effective as exposure/response prevention (ERP) and more effective than selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in treating OCD (Talbot, 2021).
To sum up, the research shows promising results on the effectiveness of EMDR in reducing OCD symptoms in a variety of clinical contexts. These findings suggest that EMDR therapy, whether used alone or in combination with other interventions, may be a valuable tool in treating OCD. Several authors have expressed the need for further research to strengthen the validity and efficacy of this therapy (Marsden et al., 2018; Mazzoni et al., 2017; Marr, 2012; Keenan et al., 2014; Cusimano, 2018) and reinforce Bohm's perspective (Böhm et al., 2012; Böhm, 2019), which considers the contribution of EMDR therapy to OCD treatment in a holistic context that brings together diverse perspectives, emphasising the fundamental role of reprocessing traumatic memories in the therapeutic approach to this disorder.
Although the contributions of various models are valuable in explaining different factors in the development and maintenance of OCD, a new complementary perspective is also needed to conceptualise the problem within the framework of complex traumatisation. There is thus a need to address the disorder by an integrative and eclectic approach that includes the various influences to achieve a more complete and effective understanding of the condition, following the Three Phase Functional Structural Model of OCD (3FTOC) developed by Pinillos (2010, 2022, 2023) and Pinillos and Albiñana (2024). This model integrates the EMDR approach with clinical findings from various scientifically validated approaches, highlighting the consideration of psychological trauma as an essential transdiagnostic construct for understanding and addressing OCD. The approach is described as both integrative and innovative and structures OCD development and manifestation into three distinct phases as described below.
Phase 1 is the phase prior to the manifestation of obsessions and is characterised by the influence of epigenetics and adverse experiences (including neonatal) early in life, attachment styles and parental communication (Rodríguez, 2018; Chávez and Tinajero, 2019). All these factors contribute to hindering brain integration processes and to neurochemical and neuroanatomical alterations that predispose to emotional vulnerability.
Of these adverse experiences, the source memory (SM) stands out, which we consider to be a key disruptive event in the origin of the phobia of suffering and which establishes a defensive schema or pattern (DS). This is based on the retraction of consciousness, emotional suppression and the implementation of control behaviours aimed at managing the causes attributed to the suffering. These behaviours, aimed at avoiding pain and its associated mental contents, are reflected in a neurophysiological activation that keeps the person alert to the areas perceived as threatening, giving shape to the concept of "nuclear fear" (NF).
In this phase the concept of "traumatisation to defensive failure" (TDF) is introduced as a singular experience that triggers OCD. This type of traumatisation arises because of defensive failure in the face of suffering associated with ‘nuclear fear’. The resulting high activation causes a structural effect (Shapiro, 2006), generating ‘dysfunctional stored information’, including both autobiographical memories and dysfunctional elements generated in the patient's intrapsychic experience (González & Mosquera, 2012).
Traumatisation in the face of defensive failure has two relevant consequences in OCD: structural dissociation from the previous defensive scheme and the emergence of a perfectionist controlling belief that reinforces defensive security. This leads to a specific type of structural dissociation in which elements derived from the same event are stored in different networks and remain dissociated from each other (Leeds, 2011). Because of this structural dissociation, the memory of the event, the memory of the interoceptive information and the defensive schema become dysfunctional stored information in different brain networks and levels of consciousness.
This traumatisation, which sensitises to defensive failure, generates a structural effect by dissociating the OCD part within the system. The OCD part, made up of a set of defensive action tendencies (defensive cluster), incorporates new strategies within the existing defensive framework to strengthen protection because of this experience. Obsessions are the response of a part made up of several action tendencies involving complex defensive manoeuvres in the face of a precipitating event. Within this set of action tendencies or even defensive parts, it is important to highlight the defence that dissociates from the feared painful contents through mechanisms that are also defensive, such as suppression, the retraction of consciousness or the displacement of contents, which has its origin in the source memory (SM). Another part of this set is responsible for activating alertness to certain perceived threats, with the aim of promoting control, which arises because of the effect caused by traumatisation due to defensive failure (TDF). This leads to intrusive thoughts, images and impulses as a result.
The occurrence of intrusive thoughts, images and impulses constitutes the first obsessive-compulsive event, giving rise to ‘obsessive traumatisation’ (OT). A precipitating event together with an anxiogenic trigger activates the obsession and triggers mental and behavioural coping responses, which, due to the intense emotional charge they provoke, can generate a blockage of stored information, as occurs in simple trauma.
Research with neuroimaging techniques reveals that the worry circuit (orbitofrontal cortex, cingulate and caudate nucleus) is blocked in OCD patients. The persistence of consecutive disturbing events each time an obsessive intrusion is triggered contributes to a progressive accumulation of the traumatic impact (Brewin, Andrews, & Valentine, 2000), preventing memory consolidation and keeping the memory network in a permanent excitatory state (Jarero et al., 2013). The OBT is a structurally dissociated network that is formed from obsessive-compulsive events from their onset to the present.
As Bekkers (1999) has pointed out, addressing the complexity of OCD requires specific adaptations to the standard protocol, particularly in the assessment and desensitisation phases. These modifications are intended to maximise the effectiveness of the treatment by considering the unique characteristics of this disorder. In the following we provide an adapted protocol for the practical application of EMDR for OCD based on the Three Phase Functional Structural OCD Model (3FTOC).
Phase 1: Collection of the history adapted to OCD
Phase 1 of the EMDR in OCD demands specialised attention to establish a solid therapeutic relationship that addresses any difficulties that may arise as manifestations of dysfunctional stored information.
Accurate differential diagnosis is essential, as the characteristic intrusive and recurrent thoughts in OCD can occur in a variety of psychological conditions including anxiety disorders, specific phobias and major depressive disorders. It is essential to recognise these manifestations in diverse contexts to provide appropriate personalised treatment, while the symptoms may be compatible with complex PTSD or dissociative disorder.
Given OCD’s complex and specific traumatic origin, in which the associated traumatic events, both the so-called traumas with a capital ‘T’ (man-made disasters: wars, terrorism, explosions, fires, traffic accidents; natural disasters: hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, forest fires, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions and events such as rape, sexual abuse, assault, heart attack, all kinds of situations in which we feel that our life or that of a loved one is in serious danger), as well as so-called ‘hidden traumas’ or lower case ‘t’ traumas (relational traumas with attachment figures (father, mother, etc.) or other types of relationships, which impact on the way one sees oneself, others and the world) are dissociated from certain painful interoceptive aspects, therapists may face difficulties in accessing this information. Moreover, obsessions, far from being simple memory fragments, are defensive secondary symptoms and imply the need for strategic access to address all the associated memory components.
A specific strategy for the conceptualisation of the case is therefore required when collecting the clinical history. It is proposed to use specific assessment instruments, such as the Yale-Brown OCD Scale, questionnaires that address the history and evolution of the disorder, information on the patient's culture of distress, attachment, family environment and possible traumas. It is also useful to carry out a functional recording of the obsessive-compulsive process and to conduct a structured interview including ‘floating backwards techniques’ (see worksheet interview in Appendix 2), complemented by exploration of the patient's internal world and especially of the constituent parts of the defensive cluster involved in OCD (Pinillos, 2023; Pinillos & Albiñana-Cruz, 2024). This helps to identify the traumatic events underlying OCD that need to be reprocessed in therapy.
As a result of this conceptualisation strategy, oriented towards obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, several key elements are accessed, such as obsessive traumatisation (OBT), which covers the history of the problem from the first obsessive event to the current problem, the defensive failure traumatization (DFT) as a consequence of the structural dissociation of a previous defensive schema and the perfectionist controlling slogan, which feeds obsessions and compulsions, the source memory (SM) origin of the phobia of suffering in the face of core fear contents and the defensive schema, the feeder memory of the catastrophe underlying the obsessive fear and the memories associated with the triggers of the obsessions that feed the obsessive fears. If there is a feeder model of the OCD defence or transgenerational trauma, they are also collected and memories related to vulnerability and lack of security and self-esteem are compiled. These memories may include traumatic perinatal events and insecure attachment styles, among others.
Treatment Plan
The selection of targets and the order of treatment require adaptations to the eight-phase EMDR protocol (Shapiro, 1995, 2001), which recommends beginning with sequential reprocessing of all traumatic incidents from the oldest to the most recent. It is proposed to begin treatment by first reprocessing targets related to obsessive-compulsive symptoms and then addressing other symptoms present in the disorder, such as insecurity and low self-esteem whenever the case conceptualization indicates it, based on the analysis of the function of the OCD component within the structure of the internal system and the type and degree of structural dissociation present.
Within the targets related to obsessive-compulsive symptoms, it is proposed to first address obsessive traumatization (OBT), which includes past and present obsessive-compulsive events and a future template. This strategy would be implemented through a protocol adapted from the Continued Traumatic Stress Protocol, whose effectiveness has been supported by several studies (Jarero, Artigas, & Luber, 2011). Before beginning, any resistance to change or success of the treatment must be identified and addressed by EMDR tools.
Either the memories that fuel obsessive fears (Defensive Failure Traumatization (DFT)), those associated with obsession triggers transgenerational trauma if present, or the OCD defence-feeding model, if present, will then be reprocessed using a standard EMDR protocol.
Once the key targets of obsessive-compulsive symptoms have been addressed, other manifestations of the disorder, such as insecurity and low self-esteem, will be treated.
Past targets include the source memory (SM), traumatic perinatal events, insecure attachment, and, if applicable, other memories elicited during case conceptualization, for which the standard EMDR protocol is applied for reprocess. The Two-Method Questionnaire Approach developed by de Jongh, ten Broeke, and Meijer (2010) is used for the memories that fuel beliefs of low self-esteem.
Although target reprocessing is combined in the progressive approach with a selection of interventions pertaining to Phase 2, before beginning reprocessing of the first obsessive-compulsive traumatization (OCT) target, certain specific interventions are necessary. These include assessing the patient's awareness skills and providing training if necessary, promoting meta-awareness from the beginning of treatment through self-reflective and psychoeducational interventions, instructing the patients on how to always maintain orientation and equipping them with emotional self-regulation skills. It is also essential to provide psychoeducation on the disorder, explaining the components of the obsessive-compulsive process, the brain areas involved, the factors that contribute to maintaining the disorder and the expected effect of therapy. This is complemented by the development of OCD adaptive coping strategies, addressing any limitations in their implementation with emotional management techniques, resources, and desensitization or ad hoc reprocessing processes.
It is also important to assess the patients' tolerance for a positive effect, which can be done indirectly by observing their reaction when establishing the safe place or by using bilateral stimulation with positive elements as resources.
A minimalist approach to preparation is suggested initially, avoiding excesses and gradually incorporating other Phase 2 interventions as required by the work with the parts or the reprocessing of therapeutic goals. Strategies such as using the body to stop traumatic acceleration, addressing hypoarousal, training cardiac coherence, performing exercises to integrate paralyzing fear, increasing tolerance to certain affects, dismantling adaptive beliefs, or installing resources based on the challenges that arise throughout the therapeutic process are preferable.
In Phase 2 it is crucial to work with the part that makes up the cluster of action tendencies of the structurally dissociated defensive schema linked to the obsessive-compulsive problem. This cluster keeps certain painful contents and emotions dissociated from consciousness and alerts to triggers to control the causes and circumstances associated with the feared threats.
After identifying these parts or action tendencies, the intervention is carried out based on the case and clinical judgment. One can begin with the part responsible for the obsessive intrusions (thoughts, images, impulses), helping it recognizes the futility of the paradoxical strategies it uses and replacing them with adaptive resources, qualities, feelings, skills, strengths, or parts of the system, as needed, to help the adult self-confront the trigger that activates it internally and externally. If the resource is not in place, it would need to be. When the obsessive action tendency is an impulse, the agreement is oriented toward proposing to the part in charge that it directs the impulses toward behaviours that are effective medium- and long-term resources to help the adult self-confront the trigger that activates it internally and externally. The other aspect of the agreement is to channel the underlying painful traumatic burden into dreams, a natural channel for its release, and which can be recalled when both the system and reprocessing are necessary.
Limitations and needs must also be investigated and addressed to carry out the agreement. This work may include learning emotional control and management skills, so that the patient develops an internal locus of control, which once achieved would be reinforced with bilateral stimulation. Progressive exposure and desensitization using the adapted Omaha Emotional Management Skills Method (2000) is recommended, starting with obsession triggers. Techniques such as the EMDR method for fear immersion, the Distress Tolerance Protocol, the Linda Jacobson method for working with affects, and the Popky protocol can also be used.
With the perfectionist and controlling part, the core belief about control and associated logical errors are addressed, using psychoeducation, interweaving, cognitive shocks, and the two-handed technique with bilateral stimulation, with the goal of dismantling the activation of alerts in the face of unreal dangers and to foster any awareness of errors as learning opportunities.
Likewise, activating the alert in response to a mistakenly perceived danger must be questioned. The goal is to dismantle underlying beliefs and reach functioning agreements, such as promoting awareness of errors and learning from them and limiting alertness to a real danger only. Finally, to enable the patient to carry out the therapeutic agreements as efficiently as possible, it is recommended to review them and address any limitations and needs they may have.
Addressing the defensive intentionality and logical errors underlying compulsive behaviours with EMDR tools and implementing the positive feeling state addiction protocol
When working with the part of the cluster in charge of defence against the phobia of suffering, which uses action tendencies based on the suppression of emotions and the withdrawal of consciousness, several aspects must be addressed. One fundamental aspect is for the patient to understand that, as an adult, he/she can confront painful emotions from the past, present and future and to be aware that past experiences of vulnerability are now simply memories. Another is to offer psychoeducation on suffering and show patients the effects of not confronting it. The goal is to reach an agreement that allows for the self-care experiment between the adult self and the ego state or vulnerable part that experienced suffering in which the defensive scheme was activated (source memory). The agreement proposes to function in coordination with the adult self on a daily basis. Painful emotions can be allowed to reach a certain intensity, while the adult self confronts them with the resources available, thus becoming increasingly stronger. Reinforcing the agreement to divert repressed painful material into dreams (REM sleep helps the brain metabolize disturbing material), which will gradually be recalled as the patient is ready to process it in therapy.
Finally, the therapist is asked to allow access to the information and be the guide who shows the way to the hidden core of the problem in the safe space of the consultation. The therapist also asks the patient to release the material and its emotional burden into conscious awareness in therapy with the support of a person who can view it wisely.
Throughout this process it may be helpful to introduce techniques, resources and work with defences.
Addressing obsessive-compulsive symptoms requires adaptations in these phases by reprocessing the Obsessive Traumatization (OBT). This target includes past and present obsessive-compulsive events and the future template, using a protocol adapted from the Continuous Traumatic Stress Protocol. Before the therapist begins with the Obsessive Traumatization (OBT) target, the patients are asked if they can imagine what their life would be like if the therapy were successful, or if there is any part of them that does not believe it possible. If resistance is noted, it is addressed with EMDR tools or if necessary, with the person in charge (see protocol worksheet attached as Appendix3).
For memories that fuel beliefs on low self-esteem, targets related to other symptoms present in the disorder, we propose using the Two-Method Questionnaire Approach (Jongh, E. ten Broeke, and S. Meijer) for reprocessing.
All other targets proposed in the treatment plan are addressed with the basic EMDR protocol, requiring no adaptations in these phases of reprocessing.
A summary of the EMDR protocol adapted for OCD is included in Appendix 4 to facilitate understanding and application of the procedure. A clinical case is described below to illustrate its application.
The clinical case involved a 38-year-old woman, a nurse and mother of three daughters, who sought treatment to free herself from intrusive thoughts and images related to her health and her daughters’ well-being. The obsessions regarding negative thoughts about the progress of her health arose after experiencing an anaphylactic shock triggered by a thyroid condition that occurred when she was awake in bed or during times of stress at work.
She also suffered intrusions of unpleasant images of violence toward her daughters, which have been present since the birth of her first daughter, when she first visualized herself harming her with a knife. These images currently appear at many times of the day in any aspect of daily life related to the care and attention of her daughters, e.g. while driving, in relationships with colleagues, when discussing problems with her children, in her relationship with her husband, etc.
In the evaluation summary, the patient obtained a score of 26 on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and generally low symptoms on the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) but moderately high scores for obsessive-compulsive symptoms and anxiety. She also experiences a certain degree of psychoticism to a lesser extent. In the International Personality Disorders Examination (IPDE) there are no indications of the presence of a Personality Disorder. The maladaptive beliefs on which she scores highest are that external events are the cause of most of humanity's misfortunes; people simply react according to how events affect their emotions; one should feel fear or anxiety in the face of anything unknown, uncertain or potentially dangerous, and one needs to rely on something larger and stronger than oneself. The following is an excerpt from an interview for the OCD case history:
T: Bring to your mind a current obsession and the situation or aspect that triggered it.
P: When I'm with my daughters, driving or making dinner, and they start arguing, I have an obsessive image of attacking them with a knife or stabbing them in the eye.
T: What fear is associated with that image?
P: Hurting my daughters.
T: What is the worst thing for you if you imagine hurting your daughters?
P: Being a failure as a mother for causing a child to suffer.
T: What are the worst consequences that can arise?
P: Traumatizing my daughters and “thinking I'm bad”
T: How do you think you would feel if you imagined those consequences?
P: So much pain (painful effect of NT)
T: And what would you think about yourself in relation to that feeling?
P: “I can’t bear it, I'm helpless against the pain, I'm weak to cope with it, I deserve to suffer” (beliefs about vulnerability to suffering)
T: From your perspective, when did you first begin to fear being aware of what a child's suffering is (core fear content), did you feel so much pain (affective content of core fear), and did you believe things like “I can't bear it, I'm weak, I deserve to suffer”?
P: It has to do with all the suffering I experienced as a child because of my sick father, but I associate it especially with the day my father hit me on the head (I remember the source, the experience that led to the phobia of suffering in the face of nuclear fear).
T: How did you interpret what happened?
Q: "That I was bad."
T: At that moment, what did you think about how you had to be, or what you had to do, achieve, avoid, or anything else to protect yourself from that feeling?
P: I had to be good, obey, be quiet, not yell, and not fight with my sister. And that it was better not to think about how painful it was.
T: Returning to the obsession, it brings up the obsessive image of hurting a child. What would that say about you as a person? What does it mean to you?
P: “I'm a failure as a mother.”
T: Why?
P: A good mother never does anything that causes her children to suffer (logical error, maladaptive belief).
T: When do you think you started to fear failing as a mother?
P: The weekend at my friend's house (defensive failure trauma).
T: What did you think about that fear?
P: “I had to be perfect as a mother” (perfectionist defensive belief).
T: What does that mean?
P: That I can never do anything that causes my daughters to suffer.
T: What was happening in your life before the first obsessions appeared? Was there any change, even positive?
P: My first daughter was born (precipitating event).
T: And what was the first situation where the obsessive image appeared?
P: A few days after my first daughter was born, I was in the kitchen with a knife and heard her crying, when the image of me attacking her with the knife came to me (first obsessive event, origin of the obsessive traumatization).
(With the memory of that moment, the therapist explores the emotion and physical sensation.)
T: What did it mean to you?
P: That I can't fail as a mother (perfectionist controlling belief, which is the same as defensive failure traumatization).
T: Imagine, focus on the situation, in the kitchen with a knife in your hand and you hear the little girl crying, the emotion of fear and the physical sensation of tension in your jaw. Let your mind drift back to the past, a time in your life. Don't look for anything specific. Tell me the first image where you experienced something similar and felt fear in the part of your body where you told me.
P: Several memories come back to me. When my mother went out and left me alone in the crib, the first day of school, when I wet myself for fear of my father yelling, when my father yelled at me and hit me on the head, and the weekend at my friend's house (feeder experiences for phobias that allude to or point to the triggers of the obsession, including the source memory (SM) and the traumatization of defensive failure (TDF).
Phase I: The analysis reveals a source memory (SM) where her father hit her on the head for fighting with her sister. This memory is the origin of vulnerability to suffering and of the defensive scheme that uses mental actions aimed at withdrawing consciousness and suppressing pain, as well as actions (behaviours) aimed at avoiding the causes attributed to pain.
Phase II: The TFD memory, which gives rise to a structural effect of the previous defensive scheme by introducing new action tendencies driven by obsessions, arose during a weekend with a friend. She was observing her friend's father and comparing him to her father, which generated the controlling motto "I have to be a perfect mother."
Phase III: The precipitating event occurred shortly after becoming a mother for the first time, with the baby screaming and crying as the trigger, a stimulus conditioned to the "suffering of a child" that alludes to her failure as a mother, at the time when she was in the kitchen with a knife in her hand.
The obsessive content, where the image of her stabbing the baby with a knife appears, is a representation of her total failure as a mother and a person. The obsession is like a warning of the danger of harming a child so as not to let down her guard and thus avoid failing as a mother. In working with parts, this explanation is reinforced.
Other disturbing memories connected to obsession triggers include: when her mother would go out and leave her alone in her crib, being separated from her mother on the first day of school, wetting herself when she saw her father running towards her shouting, arguing in the car with her sister while her father yelled and hit her, slamming doors, loud noises and shouting while living with her parents.
Table 1 (In Appendix 1) presents a schematic representation of the EMDR treatment for the case described, with a progressive approach and the necessary adjustments. This case reflects the effectiveness of this comprehensive approach to treating OCD.
At the beginning of therapy, the patient received a score of 26 on the I-BOCS, while the score was 0 at the end and remained unchanged four years later.
As described in the table, after eight months of therapy all obsessions had disappeared. Four years later, the patient contacted the clinic to consult on an issue related to a family member. It was found that she was feeling well, and her life was progressing without obsessive intrusions of any kind. She also reported that everything she had learned during the psychoeducation phase, as well as the self-regulation resources, had been a great support for her and that having internalized them she had also experienced a profound change in her perception of herself and others, as well as in her existential beliefs and values. The patient stated that until she underwent the therapeutic process, she had never related her traumatic experiences to her obsessive-compulsive disorder, and she had been able to confirm the importance that these had had throughout her life since they occurred and also in the genesis of her obsessions
We conclude that adapting the EMDR protocol to OCD based on the 3-OCD phase Structural Functional Model provided the patient with the necessary resources to progress in therapy safely, confidently, motivated and efficiently. The patients suffer from their disorder, from the difficulties and limitations it imposes on their daily lives at the family, relationship, and professional levels, and from the memories of previous experiences that led them to suffer from it. OCD patients are sometimes found to exhibit a high degree of scepticism and low expectations of success in therapy, as attempts to resolve their OCD on their own or with other therapeutic approaches have been arduous but unsuccessful. For all these reasons, we also conclude that the proposed EMDR protocol adapted to OCD offers possibilities not available in therapies based on cognitive restructuring strategies, impulse control, etc., which place high demands on the patient and require a great effort, such as following the therapist's instructions to modify certain behaviours or simply becoming motivated to participate in therapy. As progress is often very slow and costly, many patients are unable to continue and abandon therapy, another adverse experience in their career, which can lead to a worsening of their symptoms, a complete loss of motivation, or both.
On the other hand, over more than thirty years of clinical experience, it has been observed that although the disorder remits in some patients with traditional methods, even when the obsessive intrusions disappear for which they initiated therapy, over time, months or years, they relapse. This may be because traditional approaches fail to integrate problematic, trauma-related neural networks. Instead, alternative networks are somehow generated, but those that gave rise to or sustained the problem remain unintegrated. In other words, the effect of traumatization on neuronal integration is not addressed, so that addressing traumatic experiences prior to the onset of the disorder with EMDR adapted to OCD can greatly facilitate treatment and resolution and provide a therapeutic alternative for patients with a limited response to conventional methods. This novel perspective projects a significant advance in OCD understanding and management. The importance of identifying the parts responsible for the action tendencies that crystallize in obsessions is also observed and highlighted (Schwartz et al., 2019), besides evaluating their degree of structural dissociation and the functional relationship they maintain with other parts of the system, work that is carried out during Phase 2 of the protocol.
It has been found that patient characteristics, the type of intrusions presented (thoughts, images, or impulses), the characteristics of the patient's internal world and the degree of structural dissociation of the personality, the identification of memories implicated in OCD, and the choice of the appropriate time to process the different targets (obsessive traumatization, other memories), among other factors, can significantly influence the implementation and development of the therapy, as well as the results obtained.
The case described here shows that the protocols and resources used have been adapted, considering the conceptualization, the degree of structural dissociation, and the type of intrusions experienced. This adaptability provides the necessary flexibility to address the specific characteristics of different patients. Selecting the therapeutic targets and the order of processing are also key factors, in accordance with the reference model.
Establishing specific and validated protocols for addressing OCD using EMDR can contribute to advancing research and treatment of this complex disorder, offering new perspectives and tools for clinical practice. In this context, a promising line of research is proposed by applying the proposed EMDR protocol adapted for OCD to large samples.
Thank others for any contributions.
Funding: The authors acknowledge that they did not receive funding for this work.
Competing interests: The authors declares that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.
Not applicable
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
I would like to offer my testimony in the support. I have received through the peer review process and support the editorial office where they are to support young authors like me, encourage them to publish their work in your esteemed journals, and globalize and share knowledge globally. I really appreciate your journal, peer review, and editorial office.
Dear Agrippa Hilda- Editorial Coordinator of Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, "The peer review process was very quick and of high quality, which can also be seen in the articles in the journal. The collaboration with the editorial office was very good."
I would like to express my sincere gratitude for the support and efficiency provided by the editorial office throughout the publication process of my article, “Delayed Vulvar Metastases from Rectal Carcinoma: A Case Report.” I greatly appreciate the assistance and guidance I received from your team, which made the entire process smooth and efficient. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, contributing to the overall quality of the final article. I am very grateful for the high level of professionalism and commitment shown by the editorial staff, and I look forward to maintaining a long-term collaboration with the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
To Dear Erin Aust, I would like to express my heartfelt appreciation for the opportunity to have my work published in this esteemed journal. The entire publication process was smooth and well-organized, and I am extremely satisfied with the final result. The Editorial Team demonstrated the utmost professionalism, providing prompt and insightful feedback throughout the review process. Their clear communication and constructive suggestions were invaluable in enhancing my manuscript, and their meticulous attention to detail and dedication to quality are truly commendable. Additionally, the support from the Editorial Office was exceptional. From the initial submission to the final publication, I was guided through every step of the process with great care and professionalism. The team's responsiveness and assistance made the entire experience both easy and stress-free. I am also deeply impressed by the quality and reputation of the journal. It is an honor to have my research featured in such a respected publication, and I am confident that it will make a meaningful contribution to the field.
"I am grateful for the opportunity of contributing to [International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews] and for the rigorous review process that enhances the quality of research published in your esteemed journal. I sincerely appreciate the time and effort of your team who have dedicatedly helped me in improvising changes and modifying my manuscript. The insightful comments and constructive feedback provided have been invaluable in refining and strengthening my work".
I thank the ‘Journal of Clinical Research and Reports’ for accepting this article for publication. This is a rigorously peer reviewed journal which is on all major global scientific data bases. I note the review process was prompt, thorough and professionally critical. It gave us an insight into a number of important scientific/statistical issues. The review prompted us to review the relevant literature again and look at the limitations of the study. The peer reviewers were open, clear in the instructions and the editorial team was very prompt in their communication. This journal certainly publishes quality research articles. I would recommend the journal for any future publications.
Dear Jessica Magne, with gratitude for the joint work. Fast process of receiving and processing the submitted scientific materials in “Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions”. High level of competence of the editors with clear and correct recommendations and ideas for enriching the article.
We found the peer review process quick and positive in its input. The support from the editorial officer has been very agile, always with the intention of improving the article and taking into account our subsequent corrections.
My article, titled 'No Way Out of the Smartphone Epidemic Without Considering the Insights of Brain Research,' has been republished in the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The review process was seamless and professional, with the editors being both friendly and supportive. I am deeply grateful for their efforts.
To Dear Erin Aust – Editorial Coordinator of Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice! I declare that I am absolutely satisfied with your work carried out with great competence in following the manuscript during the various stages from its receipt, during the revision process to the final acceptance for publication. Thank Prof. Elvira Farina
Dear Jessica, and the super professional team of the ‘Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions’ I am sincerely grateful to the coordinated work of the journal team for the no problem with the submission of my manuscript: “Cardiometabolic Disorders in A Pregnant Woman with Severe Preeclampsia on the Background of Morbid Obesity (Case Report).” The review process by 5 experts was fast, and the comments were professional, which made it more specific and academic, and the process of publication and presentation of the article was excellent. I recommend that my colleagues publish articles in this journal, and I am interested in further scientific cooperation. Sincerely and best wishes, Dr. Oleg Golyanovskiy.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator of the journal - Psychology and Mental Health Care. " The process of obtaining publication of my article in the Psychology and Mental Health Journal was positive in all areas. The peer review process resulted in a number of valuable comments, the editorial process was collaborative and timely, and the quality of this journal has been quickly noticed, resulting in alternative journals contacting me to publish with them." Warm regards, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.
Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. I appreciate the journal (JCCI) editorial office support, the entire team leads were always ready to help, not only on technical front but also on thorough process. Also, I should thank dear reviewers’ attention to detail and creative approach to teach me and bring new insights by their comments. Surely, more discussions and introduction of other hemodynamic devices would provide better prevention and management of shock states. Your efforts and dedication in presenting educational materials in this journal are commendable. Best wishes from, Farahnaz Fallahian.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. I am delighted to have published our manuscript, "Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (ACPO): A rare but serious complication following caesarean section." I want to thank the editorial team, especially Maria Emerson, for their prompt review of the manuscript, quick responses to queries, and overall support. Yours sincerely Dr. Victor Olagundoye.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. Many thanks for publishing this manuscript after I lost confidence the editors were most helpful, more than other journals Best wishes from, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The entire process including article submission, review, revision, and publication was extremely easy. The journal editor was prompt and helpful, and the reviewers contributed to the quality of the paper. Thank you so much! Eric Nussbaum, MD
Dr Hala Al Shaikh This is to acknowledge that the peer review process for the article ’ A Novel Gnrh1 Gene Mutation in Four Omani Male Siblings, Presentation and Management ’ sent to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was quick and smooth. The editorial office was prompt with easy communication.
Dear Erin Aust, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice. We are pleased to share our experience with the “Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice”, following the successful publication of our article. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, helping to improve the clarity and quality of the manuscript. We are especially thankful to Ms. Erin Aust, the Editorial Coordinator, for her prompt communication and continuous support throughout the process. Her professionalism ensured a smooth and efficient publication experience. The journal upholds high editorial standards, and we highly recommend it to fellow researchers seeking a credible platform for their work. Best wishes By, Dr. Rakhi Mishra.
Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. The peer review process of the journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions was excellent and fast, as was the support of the editorial office and the quality of the journal. Kind regards Walter F. Riesen Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Walter F. Riesen.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. Thank you for publishing our article, Exploring Clozapine's Efficacy in Managing Aggression: A Multiple Single-Case Study in Forensic Psychiatry in the international journal of clinical case reports and reviews. We found the peer review process very professional and efficient. The comments were constructive, and the whole process was efficient. On behalf of the co-authors, I would like to thank you for publishing this article. With regards, Dr. Jelle R. Lettinga.
Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, I would like to express my deep admiration for the exceptional professionalism demonstrated by your journal. I am thoroughly impressed by the speed of the editorial process, the substantive and insightful reviews, and the meticulous preparation of the manuscript for publication. Additionally, I greatly appreciate the courteous and immediate responses from your editorial office to all my inquiries. Best Regards, Dariusz Ziora
Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Auctores Publishing LLC, We would like to thank the editorial team for the smooth and high-quality communication leading up to the publication of our article in the Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. The reviewers have extensive knowledge in the field, and their relevant questions helped to add value to our publication. Kind regards, Dr. Ravi Shrivastava.
Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, Auctores Publishing LLC, USA Office: +1-(302)-520-2644. I would like to express my sincere appreciation for the efficient and professional handling of my case report by the ‘Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies’. The peer review process was not only fast but also highly constructive—the reviewers’ comments were clear, relevant, and greatly helped me improve the quality and clarity of my manuscript. I also received excellent support from the editorial office throughout the process. Communication was smooth and timely, and I felt well guided at every stage, from submission to publication. The overall quality and rigor of the journal are truly commendable. I am pleased to have published my work with Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, and I look forward to future opportunities for collaboration. Sincerely, Aline Tollet, UCLouvain.
Dear Ms. Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. “The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews represented the “ideal house” to share with the research community a first experience with the use of the Simeox device for speech rehabilitation. High scientific reputation and attractive website communication were first determinants for the selection of this Journal, and the following submission process exceeded expectations: fast but highly professional peer review, great support by the editorial office, elegant graphic layout. Exactly what a dynamic research team - also composed by allied professionals - needs!" From, Chiara Beccaluva, PT - Italy.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, we have deeply appreciated the professionalism demonstrated by the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The reviewers have extensive knowledge of our field and have been very efficient and fast in supporting the process. I am really looking forward to further collaboration. Thanks. Best regards, Dr. Claudio Ligresti
Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. “The peer review process was efficient and constructive, and the editorial office provided excellent communication and support throughout. The journal ensures scientific rigor and high editorial standards, while also offering a smooth and timely publication process. We sincerely appreciate the work of the editorial team in facilitating the dissemination of innovative approaches such as the Bonori Method.” Best regards, Dr. Matteo Bonori.
I recommend without hesitation submitting relevant papers on medical decision making to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I am very grateful to the editorial staff. Maria Emerson was a pleasure to communicate with. The time from submission to publication was an extremely short 3 weeks. The editorial staff submitted the paper to three reviewers. Two of the reviewers commented positively on the value of publishing the paper. The editorial staff quickly recognized the third reviewer’s comments as an unjust attempt to reject the paper. I revised the paper as recommended by the first two reviewers.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. Thank you for publishing our case report: "Clinical Case of Effective Fetal Stem Cells Treatment in a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder" within the "Journal of Clinical Research and Reports" being submitted by the team of EmCell doctors from Kyiv, Ukraine. We much appreciate a professional and transparent peer-review process from Auctores. All research Doctors are so grateful to your Editorial Office and Auctores Publishing support! I amiably wish our article publication maintained a top quality of your International Scientific Journal. My best wishes for a prosperity of the Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. Hope our scientific relationship and cooperation will remain long lasting. Thank you very much indeed. Kind regards, Dr. Andriy Sinelnyk Cell Therapy Center EmCell
Dear Editorial Team, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions. It was truly a rewarding experience to work with the journal “Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions”. The peer review process was insightful and encouraging, helping us refine our work to a higher standard. The editorial office offered exceptional support with prompt and thoughtful communication. I highly value the journal’s role in promoting scientific advancement and am honored to be part of it. Best regards, Meng-Jou Lee, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital.
Dear Editorial Team, Journal-Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, “Publishing my article with Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions has been a highly positive experience. The peer-review process was rigorous yet supportive, offering valuable feedback that strengthened my work. The editorial team demonstrated exceptional professionalism, prompt communication, and a genuine commitment to maintaining the highest scientific standards. I am very pleased with the publication quality and proud to be associated with such a reputable journal.” Warm regards, Dr. Mahmoud Kamal Moustafa Ahmed
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator of ‘International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews’, I appreciate the opportunity to publish my article with your journal. The editorial office provided clear communication during the submission and review process, and I found the overall experience professional and constructive. Best regards, Elena Salvatore.
Dear Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator of ‘International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews Herewith I confirm an optimal peer review process and a great support of the editorial office of the present journal
Dear Editorial Team, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions. I am really grateful for the peers review; their feedback gave me the opportunity to reflect on the message and impact of my work and to ameliorate the article. The editors did a great job in addition by encouraging me to continue with the process of publishing.
Dear Cecilia Lilly, Editorial Coordinator, Endocrinology and Disorders, Thank you so much for your quick response regarding reviewing and all process till publishing our manuscript entitled: Prevalence of Pre-Diabetes and its Associated Risk Factors Among Nile College Students, Sudan. Best regards, Dr Mamoun Magzoub.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is a high quality journal that has a clear and concise submission process. The peer review process was comprehensive and constructive. Support from the editorial office was excellent, since the administrative staff were responsive. The journal provides a fast and timely publication timeline.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator of International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, What distinguishes International Journal of Clinical Case Report and Review is not only the scientific rigor of its publications, but the intellectual climate in which research is evaluated. The submission process is refreshingly free of unnecessary formal barriers and bureaucratic rituals that often complicate academic publishing without adding real value. The peer-review system is demanding yet constructive, guided by genuine scientific dialogue rather than hierarchical or authoritarian attitudes. Reviewers act as collaborators in improving the manuscript, not as gatekeepers imposing arbitrary standards. This journal offers a rare balance: high methodological standards combined with a respectful, transparent, and supportive editorial approach. In an era where publishing can feel more burdensome than research itself, this platform restores the original purpose of peer review — to refine ideas, not to obstruct them Prof. Perlat Kapisyzi, FCCP PULMONOLOGIST AND THORACIC IMAGING.
Dear Grace Pierce, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews I appreciate the opportunity to review for Auctore Journal, as the overall editorial process was smooth, transparent and professionally managed. This journal maintains high scientific standards and ensures timely communications with authors, which is truly commendable. I would like to express my special thanks to editor Grace Pierce for his constant guidance, promt responses, and supportive coordination throughout the review process. I am also greatful to Eleanor Bailey from the finance department for her clear communication and efficient handling of all administrative matters. Overall, my experience with Auctore Journal has been highly positive and rewarding. Best regards, Sabita sinha
Dear Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator of the journal IJCCR, I write here a little on my experience as an author submitting to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews (IJCCR). This was my first submission to IJCCR and my manuscript was inherently an outsider’s effort. It attempted to broadly identify and then make some sense of life’s under-appreciated mysteries. I initially had responded to a request for possible submissions. I then contacted IJCCR with a tentative topic for a manuscript. They quickly got back with an approval for the submission, but with a particular requirement that it be medically relevant. I then put together a manuscript and submitted it. After the usual back-and-forth over forms and formality, the manuscript was sent off for reviews. Within 2 weeks I got back 4 reviews which were both helpful and also surprising. Surprising in that the topic was somewhat foreign to medical literature. My subsequent updates in response to the reviewer comments went smoothly and in short order I had a series of proofs to evaluate. All in all, the whole publication process seemed outstanding. It was both helpful in terms of the paper’s content and also in terms of its efficient and friendly communications. Thank you all very much. Sincerely, Ted Christopher, Rochester, NY.
